Strong vertical ground motions can significantly alter axial forces in a bridge column. Axial force variations also affect the concrete contribution to the shear capacity of a reinforced concrete (RC) member. However, the effect of axial force demands on shear capacity is a fairly complex issue since the shear demand in an RC bridge column is affected by variations in the axial force. A combine...

This study reviews world literature on the strength-related effect of duration and rate of loading on wood and wood-based materials. Also, early developments are discussed which led to the currently used permanent loading factor of 9/16. Published data on duration of load are reanalyzed and compared. The comparisons suggest that the effect of stress level on duration of stress for wood is great...

A comprehensive investigation of the mechanical behavior and microstructural evolution of carbon nanotube (CNT) continuous fibers under twisting and tension is conducted using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. The tensile strength of CNT fibers with random CNT stacking is found to be higher than that of fibers with regular CNT stacking. The factor dominating the mechanical response...

A novel porous metal fiber/powder sintered composite sheet (PMFPSCS) is developed by sintering a mixture of a porous metal fiber sintered sheet (PMFSS) and copper powders with particles of a spherical shape. The characteristics of the PMFPSCS including its microstructure, sintering density and porosity are investigated. A uniaxial tensile test is carried out to study the tensile behaviors of th...

A simple modality is suggested to include, in the framework of a modified Poisson-Boltzmann approach, specific ion effects via the change in the ion hydration between the bulk and the vicinity of the surface. This approach can account for both the depletion of the interfacial region of structure-making ions as well as for the accumulation of structure-breaking ions near the interface. Expressio...

Contemporary engineering design practices in the United States require information on the strength of lumber for moisture contents as low as 4 percent. Efficient design of experimental studies on lumber properties at low moisture contents requires a better understanding of the basic mechanisms controlling moisture-property relationships. Studies were conducted on the effect of moisture content ...

Emphasis on the advancement of new materials and technology has been there for the past few decades. The global development towards using cheap and durable materials from renewable resources contributes to sustainable development. An experimental investigation of mechanical behaviour of sisal fibrereinforced concrete is reported for making a suitable building material in terms of reinforcement....

The arterial wall is a composite where the preferred orientation of collagen fibers induces anisotropy. Though the hyperelastic theories of fiber-reinforced composites reached a high level of sophistication and showed a reasonable correspondence with the available experimental data they are short of the failure description. Following the tradition of strength of materials the failure criteria a...

We show that the Einstein-Hilbert action for the gravitational field can be derived as a linear low-energy approximation for the dynamical massless fields in the theory with the lagrangian quadratic in the gauge field strength-tensor of spin connection under the spontaneous breaking of symmetry by a vacuum state with nontrivial background strength-tension.