BACKGROUND Studies looking at air temperature (Ta) and birth outcomes are rare. OBJECTIVES We investigated the association between birth outcomes and daily Ta during various prenatal exposure periods in Massachusetts (USA) using both traditional Ta stations and modeled addresses. METHODS We evaluated birth outcomes and average daily Ta during various prenatal exposure periods in Massachuset...

OBJECTIVES To investigate whether infants with weight faltering have impaired psychosocial and educational outcomes in later childhood. DESIGN Follow-up of infants with weight faltering in a large UK cohort study. SETTING The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). PARTICIPANTS 11 534 term infants from ALSPAC with complete weight records. Weight gain (conditional on init...

OBJECTIVES To describe the natural evolution of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) reinnervation in an animal model. STUDY DESIGN Twenty Sprague Dawley rats underwent unilateral RLN transection and anastomosis. Animals were sacrificed at 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 weeks. Prior to sacrifice, each rat underwent electromyography (EMG) and visual grading of vocal fold motion. Bilateral RLNs were harvested...