Controversies have been reported in recent studies regarding the risk of T.B contamination for hospital personnel.some of the experts consider all of the hospital staff in high risk groupd whill others consider the risk only for hospital staff working in the  wards in which T.B patients are hospitalized.therefore in this study tuberculin test results of hospital clinical staff was compared to t...

after the formation of islamic governement by the prophet mohammad in medina and expansion of islamic territory to the whole arabia peninsula and then to realm of persian and roman empires, the establishment and development of a financial and administrative organization was inevitable. accordeing to historical sources, the heritage of persian administration was entered into islamic organization...

Background: In the third millennium, sports organizations have adopted information technologies using smart systems, office automation to reform organizational structures, prevent administrative violations, and provide better services. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the proponents of information technology (IT) on administrative corruption in sport ...

in the initial models of economic growth, economic factors entered in to models but in the following models, non-economic factors entered in to models. many broad studies were done on this subject by the economists, and already considerable results were obtained. subjects such as corruption in the administrative bodies were new variables entering the literature of economic growth at that stage....

the present article investigates the administrative structure of the pottery mound from an administrative management point of view. data obtained from excavation of the pottery mound has generated an extensive archeological databank relating to the beginning of the historical era with a focus on the emergence of management and administrative systems in the central iranian plateau. in the proto-...

corruption is almost exist in all human societies throughout thehistory. any continuation of corruption in different ages made most ofresearchers and policy makers to consider corruption as an inevitablepart of human being challenges (mukum, 2008).administrative corruption is common in most developed and/orunder –developed countries.in other words, there is no country in the world that has note...

Management scientists state that for the purpose of surviving and developing, it is necessary to be engaged in learning forever. Learning can help' organizations with any changes, innovations, and creations. According to studies, the learning capacity in nationwide administrative organizations is rather low. In this article, first the concept and also the necessary characteristics for learning ...