Why are these synapses special? Because the electrical signals they transmit are not the same as those in other parts of the brain. Conventional synapses convey information arriving as a ‘pulse code’; action potentials lasting a few milliseconds trigger a transient burst of vesicle fusion and the amplitude of the action potential is fixed. But ribbon synapses transmit ‘analogue signals’, such a...

We present ‘Ribbon Proofs’, a graphical proof system for the Logic of Bunched Implications (BI). We give the informal, graphical, notation, we formalise the system algebraically and sketch the proof of its soundness and completeness. We discuss the spatial and geometrical nature of the proof system and its relation to BI’s spatial model theory.

Hall-Littlewood functions indexed by rectangular partitions, specialized at primitive roots of unity, can be expressed as plethysms. We propose a combinatorial proof of this formula using Schilling’s bijection between ribbon tableaux and ribbon rigged configurations.

Hall-Littlewood functions indexed by rectangular partitions, specialized at primitive roots of unity, can be expressed as plethysms. We propose a combinatorial proof of this formula using A. Schilling’s bijection between ribbon tableaux and ribbon rigged configurations.

This study reports the preparation of soft magnetic ribbons of Fe-based amorphous alloys using the single-roller melt-spinning technique. Ribbon width varied from 142 mm to 213 mm and, with a thickness of approximately 22 μm 2 μm. The microstructure and magnetic properties of the ribbons were characterized by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample mag...

Stellar flares sometimes show red/blue asymmetries of H$\alpha$ line, which can indicate chromospheric dynamics and prominence activations. However, the origin is not completely understood. For a deeper understanding stellar data, we performed Sun-as-a-star analysis line profiles an M4.2-class solar flare showing dominant emissions from ribbons by using data Solar Dynamics Doppler Imager onboar...

Ribbon synapses of sensory neurons are able to sustain high rates of exocytosis in response to maintained depolarization, but it is not known how this is achieved. Using the capacitance technique, we have found that Ca(2+) regulates the supply of releasable vesicles at the ribbon synapse of depolarizing bipolar cells from the retina of goldfish. Ca(2+) had two actions that could be differentiat...