Courtesy of its free energy formulation, the hierarchical predictive processing theory of the brain (PTB) is often claimed to be a grand unifying theory. To test this claim, we examine a central case: activity of mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic (DA) systems. After reviewing the three most prominent hypotheses of DA activity-the anhedonia, incentive salience, and reward prediction error hypothese...

The Lattice QCD (LQCD) community has occasionally gone through periods of self-examination of its data analysis methods and compared them with methods used in other disciplines [Tou90, Mic94, MM95]. This process has shown that the techniques widely used elsewhere may also be useful in analyzing LQCD data. It seems that we are in such a period now with many groups trying what are generally calle...

We introduce the standard computable-model-theoretic concepts of a computable group and a computable field, and use them to illustrate the sorts of questions about groups and fields which computability theorists investigate. This article is intended for group theorists with some background in algorithmic questions, such as the undecidability of the word problem and the conjugacy problem for fin...

editors give each of the theorists a chance to respond to questions posed about the context of the situation in relation to their own experience in the field, exploring how the exercise had an impact on their evaluation designs. The specifics of the case (the context) are highly important to how different theorists will react in conducting an evaluation. By this, we think of contexts in a very ...

The was, is, and will be of the human becoming theory is a journey in the art of sciencing, a process of coming to know the world of human experience. The form and structure of the theory as written does not fully reflect the intuitive-rational process that birthed its creation. That process germinated multidimensionally throughout [my] life of being present to and conceptualizing the significa...

Faced with the threat posed by COVID-19 pandemic, many nations have mandated sets of requirements, such as social-distancing measures. However, compliance measures is likely to be shaped a range factors. Here, we proposed and tested mediation model in which rejection conspiracy theories and/or theorists mediates relationship between rational thinking style requirements. An online, nationally re...