In recent years, groundwater quality has become a global concern due to its effect on human life and natural ecosystems. To assess the groundwater quality in the Amol-Babol Plain, a total of 308 water samples were collected during wet and dry seasons in 2009. The samples were analysed for their physico-chemical and biological constituents. Multivariate statistical analysis and geostatistical te...

Groundwater is an essential and vital component of our life support system. The groundwater resources are being utilized for drinking, irrigation and industrial purposes. There is growing concern on deterioration of groundwater quality due to geogenic and anthropogenic activities. Groundwater, being a fragile must be carefully managed to maintain its purity within standard limits. So, quality a...

Flanged shear walls are used extensively in moderate- and high-rise buildings to resist lateral loads induced by earthquakes. The seismic performance of many buildings is, therefore, closely linked to the behavior of the reinforced concrete walls. They must be carefully designed to provide not only adequate strength, but also sufficient ductility to avoid brittle failure under strong lateral lo...

Compared to surface water, groundwater resources are the primary source of water supply in arid and semi-arid regions of Iran, hence the importance of the management of these resources .  In this regard, we assessed the effects of landuse changes on the qualitative and quantitative status of groundwater resources in Eshtehard region, Iran. Through processing and analyzing the satellite images, ...

BACKGROUND Ground waters are an important resource of water supply for human health and activities. Groundwater uses and applications are often related to its composition, which is increasingly influenced by human activities.In fact the water quality of groundwater is affected by many factors including precipitation, surface runoff, groundwater flow, and the characteristics of the catchment are...

A novel design of Dual-Core Photonic Crystal Fiber (DC-PCF) with silica-air microstructures is proposed in this paper. Nonlinearity and confinement loss of DC-PCF are evaluated by using a Full-Vectorial Finite Element Method (FV-FEM) successfully. By optimizing the geometry of three ring DC-PCFs, a high nonlinearity (52w-1km-1) and low confinement loss (0.001dB/km) can be achieved at 1.55μm wav...

We analyze a dielectric waveguide with a photonic crystal core. Using constant frequency contour analysis, we show that the modal behavior of this structure is drastically different from that of a conventional slab waveguide. In particular, at a given frequency the lowest-order guided mode can have an odd symmetry or can have more than one nodal plane in its field distribution. Also, there exis...

Management of groundwater quality is very important in arid and semi-arid areas. In this study, satellite images from TM, ETM and OLI sensors were used to evaluate the impacts of land use changes on groundwater quality for 1990, 2007 and 2015 in Shabestar basin. After processing and analyzing images, the basin was classified into five land use classes including pasture, bare land, farming, gard...