Molecular Dynamics simulations are performed to calculate thermal conductivity of nanofluids and to understand the fundamental physics of the enhancement in experiments. Based on the analysis, excess potential energy of nanoparticles suspended in the liquid plays the major role on the enhancement.

In this paper, three-dimensional finite element analysis using the commercial ANSYS software is performed to study the thermal performance of a thermally enhanced FC-PBGA (flip-chip plastic ball grid array) assembly in both natural and forced convection environments. The thermally enhanced FC-PBGA assembly is a basic FC-PBGA assembly with a lid attached on top, after which an extruded-fin heats...

We show that certain three-dimensional (3D) superlattice nanostructure based on Bi2Te3 topological insulator thin films has better thermoelectric performance than two-dimensional (2D) thin films. The 3D superlattice shows a predicted peak value of ZT of approximately 6 for gapped surface states at room temperature and retains a high figure of merit ZT of approximately 2.5 for gapless surface st...

Electroporation in cancer therapy in which elongated micron-sized conductors are used to enhance an externally applied electric field is investigated. Such field enhancement was previously used in carbon and boron nitride nanotube electropermeabilization. It is envisaged that the micro-conductors would be injected together with therapeutic drugs into tumorous regions, and a pulsed or alternatin...

Forging dies at high temperatures are under contact pressure, variable mechanical loads and thermal shock, furthermore they should withstand wear and friction in a high level. So, in order to increase die life, the selection of die material, coating and hardness is essential. In this review, various methods used for die life enhancement such as carbide coating, using the super alloy stellite 6 ...

Process intensification (PI) technologies represent all approaches leading to size reduction and efficiency improvement of process equipment. Thermal energy storage (TES) systems are key elements in renewable and recovery thermal energy deployments, and their performance can benefit from PI principles. This study covers a brief analysis and state of the art of several PI technologies applied to...

We report on the fabrication of 280-nm AlGaN-based deep-ultraviolet light-emitting diodes sUV LEDsd on sapphire substrates with an integrated microlens array. Microlenses with a diameter of 12 mm were fabricated on the sapphire substrate by resist thermal reflow and plasma dry etching. LED devices were flip-chip bonded on high thermal conductive AlN ceramic submounts to improve the thermal diss...

In a well-dispersed nanofluid with strong cluster-fluid attraction, thermal conduction paths can arise through percolating amorphouslike interfacial structures. This results in a thermal conductivity enhancement beyond the Maxwell limit of 3phi, with phi being the nanoparticle volume fraction. Our findings from nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, which are amenable to experimental ve...

Nanofluids are the heat transfer fluids having remarkable thermal properties. The paper presents the experimental analysis of thermal conductivity, density, specific heat and viscosity of multiwalled carbon nanoparticles dispersed in water at various temperatures and particle concentrations. To examine the forced convection heat transfer of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT)-water nanofluid, ...

the present study investigated comparatively the impact of two types of input enhancement (i.e. textual vs. compound enhancement) on developing grammar ability in iranian efl setting. sixty-five female secondary high school students were selected as a homogenous sample out of about a 100-member population based on nelson language proficiency test. then, their grammar ability was measured based ...