A total of 30,000 phage papers, books, or book chapters, published between 1965 and 2010, were analyzed for the ethnic origins of 14,429 first authors. Their names represent 40 linguistic domains or geographic areas and at least 70 languages. British and German names predominate. Results broadly concur with statistics on the frequency of publications by country and show the growing role of Thir...

collapse of the christian church in the west is the beginning of enlightenment era in which western theorists constituted a new base in theoretical and practical thoughts with dominance of positivist thoughts and with disregard to metaphysical principles. meanwhile, when these new schools of thought became unable to lay a solid foundation to give meaning to the world and human life and when the...

In antiquity we encounter a distinction of two types of hypothetical syllogisms. One type are the 'mixed hypothetical syllogisms'. The other type is the one to which the present paper is devoted. These arguments went by the name of 'wholly hypothetical syllogisms'. They were thought to make up a self-contained system of valid arguments. Their paradigm case consists of two conditionals as premis...

On Tuesday, I went to the US Open, premier tennis tournament and, along with Wimbledon and Australian French Opens, one of four ‘Grand Slams’ world. I’m also a player (not very good one), so thought I’d devote this editorial how polymer chemistry has changed game tennis. Many thanks Wikipedia various websites for their help. If you look at late-1970s photos John McEnroe —the famous brat only sl...

his revolutionary account of inheritance in 1865, his work remained almost unknown until the beginning of the last century. A pioneer in this turnaround was William Bateson, a Cambridge botanist, who had come across the paper and was impressed by the implications of its contents. Spurred by a meeting on plant hybridisation and breeding backed by Britain's Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) in 18...