the phenomena of extensive air shower (eas) are produced by the collision of primary cosmic rays (cr) with energy more than ev with the atmospheric molecules. as a result the electron and muon components (cascades) of eas develop through the air.  the study of such cascades gives important information about the primary cr mass composition as well as its astrophysical origin models. one of the e...

Wireless communication system working over Gamma shadowed Nakagami-m multipath fading channel in the presence of cochannel interference exposed to Nakagami-m short term fading and Gamma long term fading is investigated in this work. In interference limited channel, the ratio of desired signal envelope and interference is important performance measure. For considered model signal to interference...

In this paper, we analyze the time (viz., the number of cycles) to reach any given crack size in a fatigue life test using a gamma stochastic process. It is assumed that the time increments are nonstationary but independent for each specimen while the shape parameter of the gamma distribution is a function of the crack length. In addition, using a random effect model, the between-specimen varia...

Raindrop size distributions are often assumed to follow a three-parameter gamma distribution. Since rain intensity retrieval from radar observations is an underdetermined problem, there is great interest in finding physical correlations between the parameters of the gamma distribution. One of the more common approaches is to measure naturally occurring drop size distributions (DSDs) using a dis...

We show that the icosahedral packings of protein capsomeres proposed by Caspar and Klug for spherical viruses become unstable to faceting for sufficiently large virus size, in analogy with the buckling instability of disclinations in two-dimensional crystals. Our model, based on the nonlinear physics of thin elastic shells, produces excellent one-parameter fits in real space to the full three-d...