Most native species of plants and animals inhabiting forest ecosystems evolved with natural adaptations to the patterns and processes of fire disturbance and recovery.[1] One of the effects of fire disturbances is the creation of dead trees, both standing "snags" and downed logs. Fire-killed snags and logs serve vital roles in the structure and function of healthy forest ecosystems in general, ...

In Central Europe transportation accounts for an estimated 30% of the total costs of round timber and is an essential element of cost. In this paper, Tabu Search based methods for solving the Timber Transport Vehicle Routing Problem (TTVRP) are presented. The TTVRP uses solutions of preceding optimization problems as input that are obtained with standard solver software. The presented methods d...

Although tracing product origin by the analysis of their multi-element composition has been successfully applied in several commodities, potential for doing same with timber not yet determined. Laura Boeschoten and her team studied reactive soil element pools multi-elemental sapwood heartwood 37 Azobé (Lophira alata) trees at two forest sites Cameroon, measuring 46 elements using inductively co...

The Biodiversity Support Program (BSP) was established in 1988 with funding from the Research and Development Bureau of the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), under cooperative agreement number DHR-5554-A-00-8044-00. BSP is implemented by a consortium of World Wildlife Fund, The Nature Conservancy, and the World Resources Institute. The central purpose of the program is to suppo...

In this paper we develop a bioeconomic model of timber harvesting that includes dynamic interactions between mountain pine beetle (MPB) and a lodgepole pine forest with a disaggregated size structure. The model is used to investigate the consequences of alternative public management strategies on forest dynamics in the presence of MPB outbreaks. Management practices similar to those commonly pr...

The Forest Service, the largest agency in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, has traditionally used the expression "community stability" to describe its rural development policy. That has meant growing and harvesting trees following principles of "sustained yield" so that local industries (and the employment they generate) can be supported over long periods of time. In recent years, however, e...

Many of the world's rural populations are dependent on the local provision of economically and medicinally important plant resources. However, increasing land-use intensity is depleting these resources, reducing human welfare, and thereby constraining development. Here we investigate a low cost strategy to manage the availability of valuable plant resources, facilitated by the use of isolated F...

Allometric equations for estimating timber volume of Populus deltoides in plantation trial of Populus deltoides were developed. Direct measurement of 60 trees in western Nepal was done for this purpose. Six models were tested with simple linear regression analysis technique. The best fit equation for volume was quadratic (0.1500 0.0205DBH + 0.00105*DBH2) with diameter at breast height as an ind...

The present state of knowledge of the pin-hole borers of Thailand is summarised to provide a basis for future studies of the fauna and its economic importance in forestry and timber production. A checklist of the fauna is provided with information on local and world distribution, host trees, biology and taxonomy. Six faunal elements based on geographical distribution, and the host preferences o...

To understand the biomass condition in the forestry areas, the detection for individual trees becomes an important topic. For forestry management, the canopy may be described with several parameters, e.g., number of stems, stand position, tree height, timber volume, canopy cover, etc. Traditional methods rely on field measurements, imagery, and radar data to derive the canopy information. Follo...