Finite-time isothermal processes are ubiquitous in quantum-heat-engine cycles, yet complicated due to the coexistence of changing Hamiltonian and interaction with thermal bath. Such complexity prevents classical thermodynamic measurements a performed work. In this paper, process is decomposed into piecewise adiabatic isochoric measure work as internal energy change processes. The control scheme...

Power gating has emerged as a promising technique for reduction of leakage current in sub-100nm CMOS circuits. To identify power gating opportunities within a system, logic circuits must be characterized for design overheads they present when power gating structures are inserted. In this paper, models are developed to quantify two mode transition overheads: wakeup time and wakeup energy using b...

The analytical modeling of nanoscale Double-Gate MOSFETs (DG) requires generally several necessary simplifying assumptions to lead to compact expressions of current-voltage characteristics for nanoscale CMOS circuits design. Further, progress in the development, design and optimization of nanoscale devices necessarily require new theory and modeling tools in order to improve the accuracy and th...