A new estimate of the heat budget for the North Pacific Ocean is presented in this paper. The seasonal net heat flux and heat storage rates were calculated for the North Pacific Ocean from 1950 to 1990 on a spatial resolution of 58 3 58. Temperature profiles from the National Ocean Data Center were used to calculate the heat storage rates. Satellite remotely sensed solar irradiance and ship mar...

Many exist studies always use Markov decision processes (MDPs) in modeling optimal route choice in stochastic, time-varying networks. However, taking many variable traffic data and transforming them into optimal route decision is a computational challenge by employing MDPs in real transportation networks. In this paper we model finite horizon MDPs using directed hypergraphs. It is shown that th...

Molecular dynamics simulations are carried out to study the thermal and mechanical phenomena of ultra-high heat flux conduction induced by ultrafast laser heating in thin Si films. Nanoscale Si films with various depths in heat flux direction are treated as a semi-infinite model for the study of ultrafast heat conduction. A distribution of internal heat source is applied to simulate the absorpt...

In order to understand a heat transfer phenomenon, it is sometimes very important to know the change in heat flux and temperature with time or the distribution of the heat flux and temperature on the surface of a heating block. Furthermore, with the development of computational thermal-fluid dynamics, experimental data that are of the CFD level, both spatially and temporally, are needed to vali...

The effect of thermal and solutal buoyancy induced by a discrete source of heat and mass transfer in a square duct under the influence of magnetic field, especially at the turbulent regime for the first time is reported. Al2O3/water nanofluid is used with constant heat flux from three discrete heat sources. In the present study, the effects of Reynolds number (100 to 3000), particle volume frac...

This paper addresses the potential for predicting heat flux from thermographic phosphor measurements. Temperature can be measured using thermographic phosphors by extracting the intensity decay of the phosphor, which is temperature dependent. This measured temperature can then be used to estimate boundary heat fluxes, which is often called the inverse heat conduction problem. Heating rate can a...

The performance of phase change material (PCM) integrated building envelope in terms of peak load reduction, peak load time delay and thermal demand improvement was investigated for a prototype detached single family house in a hot climate location. Five market available PCM layers, which can be easily inserted into traditional wall construction, were selected and coupled into different walls a...