Urban rail transit (URT) has been considered an effective means of addressing urban congestion problems in metropolises. The operations a URT system involve high energy consumption and its trade-off with passenger travel times. Existing energy-efficient timetabling studies have predominately focused on single lines thus are incapable accurately modeling the network transfer opportunities synchr...

In this paper we present a general integer programming-based approach for the minimal perturbation problem (MPP) in university course timetabling. This problem arises when an existing timetable contains hard constraint violations, or infeasibilities, which need to be resolved. The objective is to resolve these infeasibilities while minimising the disruption or perturbation to the remainder of t...