We would like to congratulate Skinner and colleagues on their recent article, in which they perform a thorough statistical comparison of multiple uveal melanoma classification systems that are based on anatomic features, including the TNM staging system. Although the TNM system can work well as a prognostication tool in some cancer types, its prognostic value in uveal melanoma has been disappoi...

We would like to congratulate Skinner and colleagues on their recent article, in which they perform a thorough statistical comparison of multiple uveal melanoma classification systems that are based on anatomic features, including the TNM staging system. Although the TNM system can work well as a prognostication tool in some cancer types, its prognostic value in uveal melanoma has been disappoi...

BACKGROUND ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 (ABCG2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ABCG2 gene. ABCG2 participates in efflux of many chemotherapeutic agents. ABCG2 is often expressed in hematopoietic progenitor or stem cells. Vacuolar-H + -ATPase (V-ATPase) plays a key role in adjusting and maintaining intracellular pH and in regulating the drug tolerance of cells. The T...

Many staging systems of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were established; however, there is no consensus on which is proper in predicting prognosis. This study aims to evaluate various commonly used staging systems of HCC. Patients who underwent surgery during 2001-2007 were included. All patient data were retrospectively staged using six staging systems, that are American Joint Committee on Can...

In January 1987, the 4th edition of the TNM classification for malignant lung tumours by the International Union Cancer (UICC) came into effect. Thus, for the first time, a uniform worldwide staging system for lung cancer became available. In order to validate the new TNM definitions for lung cancer the data of 3,000 patients were analysed prospectively. Several items were examined: 1) the agre...

BACKGROUND Colonoscopy is widely regarded to be the gold standard for colorectal cancer (CRC) detection. Recent studies, however, suggest that the effectiveness of colonoscopy is mostly confined to tumors on the left side of the colon (descending, sigmoid, rectum), and that the technology has poor tumor detection for right-sided (cecum, ascending, transverse) lesions. A minimally invasive test ...

AIM Colon adenocarcinoma, is the most common cancer in gastrointesinal system (GIS). The whole world is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. TNM and modified Dukes classification which has great importance in the diagnosis and treatment of Colorectal cancer (CRC). TNM and Modified Dukes classification results of histopathological examination and the demographic characteristics of pati...