Let G and H be connected graphs. The tensor product G + H is a graph with vertex set V(G+H) = V (G)  V(H) and edge set E(G + H) ={(a , b)(x , y)| ax ∈ E(G) & by ∈ E(H)}. The graph H is called the strongly triangular if for every vertex u and v there exists a vertex w adjacent to both of them. In this article the tensor product of G + H under some distancebased topological indices are investiga...

The atom-bond connectivity (ABC) index is a degree-based molecular descriptor, that found chemical applications. It is well known that among all connected graphs, the graphs with minimal ABC index are trees. A complete characterization of trees with minimal ABC index is still an open problem. In this paper, we present new structural properties of trees with minimal ABC index. Our main results r...

We prove an index theorem for boundary value problems in Boutet de Monvel’s calculus on a compact manifold X with boundary. The basic tool is the tangent semigroupoid T −X generalizing the tangent groupoid defined by Connes in the boundaryless case, and an associated continuous field C∗ r (T −X) of C∗-algebras over [0, 1]. Its fiber in ~ = 0, C∗ r (T−X), can be identified with the symbol algebr...

The connectivity index χ1(G) of a graph G is the sum of the weights d(u)d(v) of all edges uv of G, where d(u) denotes the degree of the vertex u. Let T (n, r) be the set of trees on n vertices with diameter r . In this paper, we determine all trees in T (n, r) with the largest and the second largest connectivity index. Also, the trees in T (n, r) with the largest and the second largest connecti...

The atom-bond connectivity (ABC) index is a recently introduced topological index, defined as ABC(G) = ∑ uv∈E(G) √ du+dv−2 dudv , where du (or dv) is the degree the vertex u (or v). The ABC index of benzenoid systems and phenylenes are computed, a simple relation is established between the atom-bond connectivity index of a phenylene and the corresponding hexagonal squeeze in this paper. Mathema...

The entropy of a graph was first introduced by Rashevsky [1] and Trucco [2] to interpret as the structural information content of the graph and serve as a complexity measure. In this paper, we first state a number of definitions of graph entropy measures and generalized graph entropies. Then we survey the known results about them from the following three respects: inequalities and extremal prop...

By virtue of Γ−convergence arguments, we investigate the stability of variational eigenvalues associated with a given topological index for the fractional p−Laplacian operator, in the singular limit as the nonlocal operator converges to the p−Laplacian. We also obtain the convergence of the corresponding normalized eigenfunctions in a suitable fractional norm.

Topological indices are the mathematical tools that correlate the chemical structure with various physical properties, chemical reactivity or biological activity numerically. A topological index is a function having a set of graphs as its domain and a set of real numbers as its range. In QSAR/QSPR study, a prediction about the bioactivity of chemical compounds is made on the basis of physico-ch...

Many types of point singularity have a topological index, or ‘charge’, associated with them. For example the phase of a complex field depending on two variables can either increase or decrease on making a clockwise circuit around a simple zero, enabling the zeros to be assigned charges of ±1. In random fields we can define a correlation function for the charge-weighted density of singularities....

We discuss topological transitions during parametric resonance in the gauge sector of electroweak theory. It is shown that the resonance leads to separation of topological indices of the gauge and Higgs fields, resulting in topological transitions of non-sphaleron nature.