For the past two years, France has enjoyed fertility rates approaching replacement level, with a total fertility rate of 1.98 in 2006 and 2.00 in 2008. After a ten-year period of slow growth, the fertility rate has thus reached its highest level in about thirty years (Prioux, 2007), placing France in top position among European and other OECD countries. However, this high level of fertility is ...

In this paper we conduct descriptive aggregate analyses to revisit the relationship of low and lowest-low period fertility to cohort fertility and key fertility-related behaviour such as leaving the parental home, marriage, and women's labour force participation. Our analyses show that the cross-country correlations in Europe between total fertility and the total first marriage rate, the propor...

in this study which was carried out in 1974 in the province of isphahan a total of 23,273 individuals in the cities, and 18,671 individuals in the villages of the same area were studied. results show that the median age in rural area is 16 and in urban area is 18 years. the birth rate in rural is 27.7 per thousand were as the same rate in urban area is 40.2 per thousand. similarly the general f...

Family Matters No.63 Spring/Summer 2002 Australian Institute of Family Studies 14 gradual fertility decline from 1.91 in 1990 to 1.73 in 2001. Overall, the fertility rate has halved from 3.55 to 1.73 in a period of just 40 years. Changes in fertility do not occur in isolation from other social, cultural and economic changes. Although it is often difficult to establish cause and effect patterns,...

Cultural variables in economic analysis have recently experienced a strong renewal. This evolution sheds a new light on the old debate between the "Beckerian Model" of fertility and the "Synthesis Model" of fertility. In this paper, I propose a fertility model making the long run evolution of culture endogenous. The whole population is divided into two alternative cultures corresponding to spec...

Despite the absence of an official family planning policy, demographic changes in Brazil occurred at an unprecedented pace in the second half of the twentieth century, ushering in an era with total fertility rates near the replacement level. According to the population censuses, the total population in Brazil was 52 million in 1950 and 170 million in 2000. This reflected a mean annual growth ra...

BACKGROUND Research on fertility differentials between eastern and western Germany after German reunification in 1990 has focused on the fertility of women. Trends in the fertility of men are rarely studied due to data constraints and methodological challenges. OBJECTIVE This paper aims to close this gap by analyzing fertility differentials between eastern and western German males over the peri...

Practical techniques for assessing semen quality in order to predict male fertility are still needed. The principal objective of this experiment was to evaluate routine laboratory evaluation and in vitro fertilization (IVF) techniques as predictors of relative boar fertility using a low-dose AI protocol. Nine boars were evaluated during a 6.5+/-1 mo period, beginning at 29-32 wk of age. Ejacula...