In 2010, over 20.3 million vehicles were recalled. Software issues related to automotive controls such as cruise control, anti-lock braking system, traction control and stability control, account for an increasingly large percentage of the overall vehicles recalled. There is a need for new and scalable methods to evaluate automotive controls in a realistic and open setting. We have developed Au...

We reviewed 13 patients with a complex fracture-dislocation of the proximal interphalangeal joint of a finger and one patient with a complex fracture-dislocation of the interphalangeal joint of thumb. We had treated these injuries using a pins and rubbers traction system which had been modified to avoid friction of the pins against the bone during mobilisation of the joint in order to minimise ...

Two continuously variable transmissions are examined, one that relates a pair of linear speeds and another that relates a pair of angular speeds. These devices are elemental in the design of cobots, a new class of robot that creates virtual guiding surfaces to aid a human operator in assembly tasks. Both of these transmissions are traction drive mechanisms that rely on the support of either lat...

This paper deals with a numerical investigation on the influence of residual stresses on fatigue crack growth in AA2024-T3 friction stir welded butt joints. The computational approach is based on the coupled usage of the finite element method (FEM) and the dual boundary element method (DBEM), in order to take advantage of the main capabilities of the two methods. Linear elastic FE simulations a...

conclusions although skin traction had no effect on analgesic consumption, it significantly decreased the pain at the end of the first day. the application of skin traction in patients with intertrochanteric fractures is recommended. results the severity of pain was significantly decreased in skin traction group only at the end of the first day after traction application (2.7 ± 0.8 vs. 3.3 ± 0....

background: traction has been suggested to be an effective treatment for symptoms of neck disorder in patients with no contraindications. however, according to previous researches, the effectiveness of traction is controversial, particularly compared to other conservative treatments. this trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of sustained traction, using an over-the-door home cervical trac...

Cropping is a cutting process whereby opposing aligned blades create a shearing failure by exerting opposing forces normal to the surfaces of a metal sheet or plate. Building on recent efforts to quantify cropping, this paper formulates a plane strain elastic–plastic model of a plate subject to shearing action by opposing rigid platens. Shear failure at the local level is modeled by a cohesive ...

Web traction over rollers is known to deteriorate due to air entrainment at high web speeds. In this paper, a general model is presented to predict the traction capability of an impermeable web over a smooth roller. The model considers the effects of the web and roller speeds, roller radius, combined roughness of the two surfaces, web tension and thickness, friction coefficient, and compressibl...

Background: Traction has been suggested to be an effective treatment for symptoms of neck disorder in patients with no contraindications. However, according to previous researches, the effectiveness of traction is controversial, particularly compared to other conservative treatments. This trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of sustained traction, using an over-the-door home cervical trac...