announced that their work was first completed, and at 1 P.M,, we left Bombay. Our ship was a vessel of only 1,000 tons register, and had always been used for carrying cargo,?very often coals; in fact she was nothing more or less than what is known among sea-faring men as a " ditcher," i. e., a steamer employed in the coal trade . between England and India via the Suez Canal, hence the name. The...

Introduction: Over the past fifteen years, there has been a dramatic rise in the number and range of regional or preferential trade agreements (PTAs). 1 There is evidence to suggest that market driven regional trading blocs are emerging in the European neighbourhood, the Americas and East Asia. The US is actively pursuing FTA in the Americas and East and South-East Asia. The European Union (EU)...

The Africa Economic Research Consortium (AERC) hosted the third in the series of Workshops between January 31 – February 1, 2007; in Nairobi, Kenya. The partners Africa’s Development Bank (AFDB), Joint Africa Institute (JAI), United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA), New Economic Partnership for African Development (NEPAD) and the World Bank provided assistance with logistical arra...

The perceived resolution of matrix displays increases when the relative position of the color subpixels is taken into account. ‘Subpixel rendering’ algorithms are being used to convert an input image to subpixel-corrected display images. This paper deals with the consequences of the subpixel structure, and the theoretical background of the resolution gain. We will show that this theory allows a...

Lobster fishing (targeting the spiny lobster Panulirus argus) is an important economic activity throughout the Wider Caribbean Region both as a source of income and employment for the local population as well as foreign exchange for national governments. Due to the high unit prices of the product, international lobster trade provides a way to improve the livelihoods of fisheries-dependent popul...

Abstract Fisheries management has been a strongly contested aspect of the UK’s position in EU since UK accession, with fishing industry frequently questioning both efficacy and fairness arrangements. During campaign for exit (Brexit) from EU, subsequent negotiations new legal political relationship 2016 to 2020, senior leaders committed deliver radically changed fisheries arrangements respect t...

There is little disagreement among most economists that countries benefit from trade liberalization. Yet, whether unilateral, multilateral (through the World Trade Organization) or through regional integration agreements (RIAs), trade liberalization has been one of the most controversial economic issues of our time. It is the focus of everyone from politicians to union leaders and anti-globaliz...

Regional Trading Arrangements (RTAs) have always posed problems for the GATT/WTO. Although during the negotiations leading up to the GATT it appeared as if tight restrictions would be placed on the creation of RTAs, in the event US foreign policy considerations led to much weaker rules being adopted. And since then, geo-political forces have prevented the system from enforcing even these weaker...

This study examines precariousness among cultural workers during an ongoing crisis. A survey of Norway's largest trade union for performing artists 1 year into the pandemic shows that before was amplified Lack economic buffer and social benefits rendered insecurity most burdensome those with precarious work arrangements. For future crises, we suggest authorities need to develop better targeted ...

Today, there is uncertainty about the future of global trade. In west, major comprehensive trading arrangements are renegotiated or exited. Meanwhile in Asia, new but more limited trade agreements, particularly those signed by China and India, proliferate. What likely consequences these divergent trends? To develop a better understanding changes international trade, this article develops framew...