Aims We assessed biodiversity effects of disturbance in meadows and rich fens. hypothesized that disturbances their timing affect plant bryophyte species richness other indicators conservation success. More specifically, we expected status to improve with mimic natural grazing processes, is, extensive year-round trampling had a more positive effect than intensive summer or mowing. Location Kast...

To assess the effects of livestock grazing on soil compaction (density changes), the trampling action of livestock was simulated. The research field was located to the south west of Nazarabad in Savojbolagh district, south west of Tehran Province. Samples were annually collected based on a completely randomized design. From the triple regions (reference, key and critical) 36 cylindrical cores w...

Abstract Yellow-flag iris ( Iris pseudacorus L.) is a nonnative, invasive wetland plant that disrupts riparian ecosystem processes and widely distributed across the United States Canada. Due to its physiological morphological characteristics, I. has capacity exclude native vegetation form extensive monocultures in both lotic lentic systems. Methods commonly used manage include manual (e.g., han...