Acute morphine withdrawal is considered to be the physical manifestation of dependence, emerging when morphine administration is stopped or after the administration of an opiate antagonist, such as naloxone. Gabapentin, which is an antiepileptic, agent, enhances the analgesic effect of morphine in healthy volunteers, but its effect on morphine dependence and withdrawal signs has not determined ...

background and objective: teucrium polium (tp) has shown hypoglycemic effect in type 1 diabetes induced by single high dose of the cytotoxic agent streptozotocin (stz) in rats. this study was conducted to evaluate whether its aqueous extract could have such an effect in multiple low-dose stz-induced model of type 1 diabetes in rats. materials and methods: male wistar rats were divided into cont...

background and objectives this study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of the cultivated satureja khuzestanica essential oil (skeo) on activity and gene expression of hepatic gk in normal and diabetic rats.   methods biochemical parameters such as glucose, insulin, and hba1c plasma levels and oral glucose tolerance test were all analyzed. the cultivated skeo was orally administered at diffe...

background: traditional medicines with anti-diabetic effects are considered suitable supplements to treat diabetes. among medicinal herbs, stevia rebaudiana bertoni is famous for its sweet taste and beneficial effect in regulation of glucose. however, little is known about the exact mechanism of stevia in pancreatic tissue. therefore, this study investigated the possible effects of stevia on pa...

abstract  introduction: intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of streptozotocin (stz) causes cognitive impairment in rats. the beneficial effect of genistein (gen) was investigated on icv stz-induced learning, memory, and cognitive impairment in male rats. methods: for this purpose, rats were injected with icv stz bilaterally, on days 1 and 3 (3 mg/kg). the stz-injected rats received gen (1 m...

background: increased oxygen free radical and reduced glutathione level in the eye lens are important risk factor for cataract formation. the antioxidative property and increasing cellular and extra cellular glutathione level have been reported by several herbal medicines including silymarin.  objective: in present interventional study silybum marianum l. seed extract (silymarin) was tested aga...

the present experiment was designed to access the effects of methylmercury chloride ( mehgcl) on antioxidant status, protein concentration, lipid peroxidation and hydroperoxidation in brain parts, spinal cord, lung, heart and pancreas of rats. twenty male wistar rats (3 months old) were divided in saline controls (c) and mehgcl-treated group (mmc). treated rats were intoxicated with mmc at a do...

The ability of amylin to inhibit gastric emptying and glucagon secretion in rats is reduced under hypoglycemic conditions. These effects are considered part a fail-safe mechanism that prevents from further decreasing nutrient supply when blood glucose levels low. Because these actions amylin-induced satiation mediated by the area postrema (AP), it plausible phenomena based on co-sensitivity AP ...

Diabetic rats in long-term display an augmented nociceptive response to chemical, mechanical, and thermal stimuli. Furthermore, hyperalgesia is one of the major symptoms of diabetic neuropathy in some patients. Considering the antidiabetic potential of pepper, this study was carried out to evaluate the possible analgesic effect of pepper-mixed food intake in male streptozotocin-induced diabetic...

Diabetic rats in long-term display an augmented nociceptive response to chemical, mechanical, and thermal stimuli. Furthermore, hyperalgesia is one of the major symptoms of diabetic neuropathy in some patients. Considering the antidiabetic potential of pepper, this study was carried out to evaluate the possible analgesic effect of pepper-mixed food intake in male streptozotocin-induced diabetic...