various basidiomycetes and deuteromycetes, grown in liquid and solid culture media, were compared for their laccase-producing ability and for the inducing effect of soil and agricultural residues on laccase production. laccase activity in extracts of all solid media was higher than that of the liquid media. in liquid cultures, fungal laccase activity in ex-tracts of pea (pisum sativum) straw-tr...

Effects of alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) treatment on cellulose crystallinity and cell wall phenolic monomer and monosaccharide composition were measured using cotton and wheat straw (WS). Two WS treatments were used in this study, Type I WS, for which pH is not regulated during AHP treatment, and Type II WS, for which pH is regulated at 11.5 -+ .2 during AHP treatment. Wheat straw had a low...

With the exception of the phloem and the crown of the parenchyma, which borders the medullary lacuna, the walls of the tissues of both treated and untreated straw were lignified. The walls of the treated straw were not fluorescent in the ultraviolet probably because the treatment had modified the phenolic acids. They also had a stronger reaction to Schiff reagent particularly in the sclerenchym...

The main objective of this study was production of ethanol from three lignocellulosic biomasses like sugarcane bagasse, rice straw and wheat straw by Sacchromyces cervisae. All the three substrates were ground to powder form (2 mm) and pretreated with 3%H2O2 + 2% NaOH followed by steaming at 130 °C for 60 min. These substrates were hydrolyzed by commercial cellulase enzyme. The whole fermentati...

A total of 122 wheat varieties obtained from the Nordic Genetic Resource Center were infected artificially with an aggressive Fusariumasiaticum strain in a field experiment. We calculated the severity of Fusarium head blight (FHB) and determined the deoxynivalenol (DON) content of wheat grain, straw and glumes. We found DON contamination levels to be highest in the glumes, intermediate in the s...

Effects of alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) treatment on cellulose crystallinity and cell wall phenolic monomer and monosaccharide composition were measured using cotton and wheat straw (WS). Two WS treatments were used in this study, Type I WS, for which pH is not regulated during AHP treatment, and Type II WS, for which pH is regulated at 11.5 -+ .2 during AHP treatment. Wheat straw had a low...

Erosion in the first year after a wildfire can be up to three orders of magnitude greater than the erosion from undisturbed forests. To mitigate potential postfire erosion, various erosion control treatments are applied on highly erodible areas with downstream resources in need of protection. Because postfire erosion rates generally decline by an order of magnitude for each year of recovery, ef...

The efficiency of wet explosion applied as modified dilute acid pretreatment at previously identified reference conditions (150°C, 0.3% H(2)SO(4), 15 min) was investigated on lucerne, ryegrass, fescue grass, cocksfoot grass, rye fescue, forage grass, and wheat straw in order to identify their potential as feedstock for cellulosic bioethanol production. After pretreatment, cellulose recovery was...

BACKGROUND A key focus in sustainable biofuel research is to develop cost-effective and energy-saving approaches to increase saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass. Numerous efforts have been made to identify critical issues in cellulose hydrolysis. Aerobic fungal species are an integral part of the carbon cycle, equip the hydrolytic enzyme consortium, and provide a gateway for understandi...