In organic horticulture, living mulches (LM) are used for weed suppression and erosion prevention. addition, leguminous LM can contribute to higher nitrogen (N) import into vegetable cultivation systems via biological N2 fixation (BNF). order investigate the effect of systems, a two- as well three-year field experiment was conducted between 2019 2021 at two locations in Southwest Germany. White...

Grassland mixtures hold the potential for increasing biomass and productivity. In a field experiment, monocultures of eight white clover (Trifolium repens L.) genotypes perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne were analyzed over three years (2015, 2016, 2018) their species-specific aboveground belowground biomass. Roots by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to identify root mass, vertical...

Tillage controls perennial weeds, such as Elymus repens, partly because it fragments their underground storage organs. However, tillage is difficult to combine with a growing crop, which limits its application. The aim of this study was to evaluate how soil vertical cutting with minimum soil disturbance and mowing affect the growth and competitive ability of E. repens in a grass-clover crop. A ...

Many of the major forage species used in agriculture are outcrossing and rely on the exchange of pollen between individuals for reproduction; this includes the major species used for dairy production in grazing systems: perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and white clover (Trifolium repens L.). Cultivars of these species have been co-existing since contrasting cultivars were developed using ...

Forage legumes have a relatively high biomass yield and crude protein content, but their grazed and harvested biomass lacks the high-energy carbohydrates required to meet the productivity potential of modern livestock breeds. Because of their low carbohydrate content, forage legume diets are typically supplemented with starch rich cereal grains or maize (Zea mays), leading to the disruption of ...

Context Rock phosphate reserves are decreasing, and requirements to mitigate environmental impacts of farming soils with excess phosphorus (P) increasing.Aims White clover is an allotetraploid hybrid between Trifolium pallescens T. occidentale. Understanding the P response characteristics these progenitor species will allow selection germplasm for development synthetic white clovers improved ph...