Application of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcement in concrete beams may cause large deflection and crack width, as well low shear capacity ductility due to relatively small stiffness FRP materials. To avoid these unfavorable factors evaluate the behavior FRP-reinforced structural members, a high-performance strain-hardening cementitious composite (SHCC) is introduced substitute conven...

Herein, a numerical multiscale tool is developed to design 3D periodic lattice structures. The work motivated by the high freedom of additive manufacturing technologies, which enable complex structures be printed. A finite‐element‐based free‐material optimization method used determine ideal orthotropic material properties macrostructure space. Subsequently, population‐based algorithm establishe...

Abstract In Scandinavia and Finland, nearly all constructions, including monumental sacral architecture, used only timber until the 11th century. remained dominant construction material 19th Due to many fires, wars, other catastrophic events, number of still-standing wooden buildings constructions erected before industrialization is very limited. Medieval can be found in archaeological excavati...

The main objective of structural engineers through out design history has been to obtain the optimum structure under the prescribed design conditions which can not only withstand external loads safely but also achieve an economic solution. The paper focuses on the use of the fuzzy set theory to optimum design of plane truss structures. The approach is illustrated on planar truss optimization pr...

Metallic sandwich panels with periodic, open-cell cores are important new structures, enabled by novel fabrication and topology design tools. Fabrication protocols based on the sheet forming of trusses and shell elements (egg-boxes) as well as textile assembly have allowed the manufacture of robust structures by inexpensive routes. Topology optimization enables control of failure mechanisms at ...

This paper shows the complementary roles of mathematical and engineering points of view when dealing with truss analysis problems involving systems of linear equations and inequalities. After the compatibility condition and the mathematical structure of the general solution of a system of linear equations is discussed, the truss analysis problem is used to illustrate its mathematical and engine...

Truss structures are widely used for the support of structural loads in applications where minimum mass solutions are required. Their nodes are normally constructed to resist rotation to maximize their stiffness under load. A multi-link node concept has recently been proposed that permits independent rotation of tetrahedral trusses linked by such a joint. High authority shape morphing truss str...

A class of planar, pin-jointed truss structures based on the ancient Kagome basket weave pattern with exceptional characteristics for actuation has been identified. Its in-plane stiffness is isotropic and has optimal weight among planar trusses for specified stiffness or strength. The version with welded joints resists plastic yielding and buckling, while storing minimal energy upon truss bendi...

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is a heuristic optimization technique based on colony intelligence, developed through inspiration from social behaviors of bird flocks and fish schools. It is widely used in problems in which the optimal value of an objective function is searched. Geometrically nonlinear analysis of trusses is a problem of this kind. The deflected shape of the truss w...