Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) represents a slowly progressive pathologic process associated with major morbidity and mortality. The process is characterized by multiple steps: inflammation, fibrosis, and calcification. Numerous studies focalized on its physiopathology highlighting different "actors" for the multiple "acts." This paper focuses on the role of the tumor necrosis factor supe...

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) expression amplifies to excess amounts in several disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. Although, Anti-TNF biologics have revolutionized the treatment of these autoimmune diseases, formation of anti-drug antibodies (ADA) has dramatically affected their use. The next generation antibodies (e.g. Fab, scFv) have not only reduced resulted immunoge...

Previous data indicate that immune mechanisms may be involved in developing capillary leakage during Sin Nombre virus (SNV) infection. Therefore, we investigated production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) by human alveolar macrophages and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) after infection with SNV. In addition, we examined the effect of TNF-alpha on HUVEC monolayer leakag...

In this review, the authors provide evidences that imply the role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, especially diabetic polyneuropathy. Under chronic hyperglycemia, endogenous TNF-alpha production is accelerated in microvascular and neural tissues, which may undergo an increased microvascular permeability, hypercoagulability, and nerve dam...

This study used integrin alpha v beta3 as a target for tumor-specific delivery of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF). The fusion protein RGD4C-TNF bound specifically to alpha v beta3 as evidenced by cell receptor binding assay and noninvasive micro-positron emission tomography imaging. 64Cu-DOTA-RGD4C-TNF had significantly higher activity accumulation in integrin-positive tumors (U87MG and MDA-M...

Phosphorylation of inhibitor of kappa B (IkappaB) proteins is an important step in the activation of the transcription nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) and requires two IkappaB kinases, IKK1 (IKKalpha) and IKK2 (IKKbeta). Mice that are devoid of the IKK2 gene had extensive liver damage from apoptosis and died as embryos, but these mice could be rescued by the inactivation of the gene encoding...

In unstimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage-like cells, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) mRNA was transcribed and accumulated in the cytoplasm, but the TNF-alpha transcripts failed to associate with polysomes, and TNF-alpha protein was not detected. Stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced an increase in TNF-alpha transcription, cytoplasmic TNF-alpha mRNA accumulation, polysome associa...

OBJECTIVE Pharmacologic preconditioning represents an attractive myocardial protection strategy. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha plays an important role in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. We aimed to determine the effect of Monophosphoryl lipid A-induced delayed preconditioning on diastolic and systolic left ventricular function and tumor necrosis factor-alpha synthesis during ischemia and ...