One of the promising methods to improve yeast fermentation performance in high gravity brewing is to increase pitching rate in the bioreactor. In this study, fermentation with four different pitching rates (1.5×107, 4.5×107, 7.5×107, and 10.5×107 viable cells/ml wort) was carried out to investigate the impact of pitching rate on yeast fermentation performance and beer quality from 24oBx wort. T...

We have developed a capillary tube assay in combination with real-time PCR to quantitate the number of chemoattracted Leptospira cells. We identified Tween 80, glucose, sucrose, and pyruvate as attractants for Leptospira cells; amino acids and vitamin B(12) were found to be nonchemotactic or weakly chemotactic. This assay has the general applicability to further our understanding of leptospiral...

A method for testing the sensitivity to streptomycin of strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been recommended by the Streptomycin in Tuberculosis Trials Committee of the Medical Research Council (1948a). The tests are carried out in a modified Tween 80-albumen liquid medium (Dubos and Davis, 1946) containing various concentrations of streptomycin. It seems probable that strains derived fro...

Cellular protein, pH, dissolved oxygen concentration, and static surface tension were measured during growth of Thiobacillus acidophilus on elemental sulfur in the absence and presence of up to 5,000 mg of Tween 80 per liter. The decrease in pH and the increase in sulfate production were observed to be less accurate measurements of growth when compared with the increase in cellular protein. The...

The aim of this study was to enhance the dissolution rate of efavirenz using solid dispersion systems (binary and ternary). A comparison between solvent and fusion method was also investigated. Solid dispersions of efavirenz were prepared using polyethylene glycol 8000, polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 alone and combination of both. Tween 80 was incorporated to obtain a ternary solid dispersion system....

This work evaluated the occlusive versus non-occlusive application of microemulsion (ME) for the transdermal delivery of progesterone. The mechanisms of enhanced skin penetration were investigated. ME comprised of oleic acid, Tween 80, propylene glycol, and water, was used neat or with ethanol as a volatile cosurfactant. The ME formulations enhanced progesterone transdermal flux compared to the...

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A protease isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PD100 could act in the presence of SDS and Tween 80. This protease could be useful for degradation of protein in the presence of solvent, dehairing of cow skin and degradation of natural proteins. The immobilized protease showed 15-20% increases in temperature stability and the entrapped enzyme retained 83% of its initial activity after six cycles...

The cardiovascular effects of two concentrations of Tween 80 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan mono-oleate), a surface-active agent commonly used to prevent aggregation of radionuclide-labeled microspheres, were examined in conscious dogs. Two types of adverse reactions were noted. The first (Type A) consisted of reductions in cardiac dimensions as well as hypotension and tachycardia. The second (Type ...

Pure cultures of Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Achromobacter sp. were shown to transform five pyrethroid insecticides in the presence of Tween 80. One of the major products, 3-phenoxybenzoic acid, was further transformed to 4-hydroxy-3-phenoxybenzoic acid. Permethrin was the most rapidly transformed of the pyrethroids, with a half-life of less than 5 days.