Faber series are used extensively in the application of complex variable methods to two-dimensional elasticity theory, for example, mechanical analysis composite materials where representations potentials lead convenient expressions corresponding displacement and stress distributions. In many cases, use is combined with conformal mapping techniques which “transfer” a boundary value problem defi...

We present an atomic scale theory of lattice distortions using strain-related variables and their constraint equations. Our approach connects constrained atomic length scale variations to continuum elasticity and describes elasticity at several length scales. We apply the approach to a two-dimensional square lattice with a monatomic basis and find the elastic deformations and hierarchical atomi...

A first-order transition is numerically found in a spherical surface model with skeletons, which are linked to each other at junctions. The shape of triangulated surfaces is maintained by skeletons, which have a one-dimensional bending elasticity characterized by the bending rigidity b, and the surfaces has no two-dimensional bending elasticity except at the junctions. The surfaces swell and be...

Mugwort and ragweed pollens have been considered as important respiratory allergens in Korea. These two pollens are abundant in the air of Seoul from August through October. Many ragweed-sensitive patients have shown concurrent sensitivities to mugwort pollen. However the antigenic relationship between these two pollens has not been clarified. To observe the cross-reactivity between them, we de...

We present a realization of fracton-elasticity duality purely formulated in terms ordinary gauge fields, encompassing standard elasticity and incommensurate crystals. Our construction comprises description all types two-dimensional defects, body forces, impurities. The original form the tensor fields is recovered after partial fixing. identify coupling defects to dual from invariance we derive ...

This paper describes a database of 11 dependency treebanks which were unified by means of a two-dimensional graph format. The format was evaluated with respect to storage-complexity on the one hand, and efficiency of data access on the other hand. An example of how the treebanks can be integrated within a unique interface is given by means of the DTDB interface.

Phloem exudate collected from hybrid poplar (Populus trichocarpa x Populus deltoides) was estimated to have more than 100 proteins, of which 48 were identified using LC-MS/MS. Comparative two-dimensional gel electrophoresis demonstrated that two phloem exudate proteins were significantly (P<0.05) upregulated 24 h after leaf wounding. These were identified as pop3/SP1 and a thaumatin-like protei...

Soluble cytoplasmic extracts of Candida albicans groups A and B were prepared and compared by quantitative immunoelectrophoresis experiments performed with a commercial anti-C. albicans group A immune serum. Although crossed immunoelectrophoresis, tandem crossed immunoelectrophoresis, and line immunoelectrophoresis revealed many cross-reactions between the two groups, some components seemed to ...