نتایج جستجو برای: type β
تعداد نتایج: 1494932 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction is a diagnostic criterion of Type 2 diabetes and includes defects in glucose transport and insulin secretion. In healthy individuals, β-cells maintain plasma glucose concentrations within a narrow range in concert with insulin action among multiple tissues. Postprandial elevations in blood glucose facilitate glucose uptake into β-cells by diffusion through glucose ...
The first biomimetic total syntheses of indolotetrahydroquinolizinium-type bis-β-carboline alkaloids were accomplished via a unique umpolung type-III aza-[4 + 2] cycloaddition and late-stage C–H functionalization strategy.
β- آمینو الکلها کاربرد وسیعی در زمینه های صنعتی، بیولوژیکی و دارویی دارند. واکنش افزایش هسته دوستی آمین ها به اپوکسید ها یکی از روشهای موثر برای سنتز این دسته از ترکیبات می باشد که معمولاً به وسیلهء اسیدهای لوئیس از قبیل zncl2، ساماریوم یدید ، آلومینا ، sn(otf)2 و ... انجام می شوند. از آنجاییکه این روشها دارای معایبی از قبیل زمان واکنش طولانی، شرایط سخت واکنش، راندمان پایین، استفاده از حلال سمی ...
Adult neurogenesis is tightly regulated by the neurogenic niche. Cellular contacts between niche cells and neural stem cells are hypothesized to regulate stem cell proliferation or lineage choice. However, the structure of adult neural stem cells and the contact they form with niche cells are poorly described. Here, we characterized the morphology of radial glia-like (RGL) cells, their molecula...
Death of β-cells due to apoptosis is an important contributor to β-cell dysfunction in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Previously, we described participation of the Group VIA Ca(2+)-independent phospholipase A(2) (iPLA(2)β) in apoptosis of insulinoma cells due to ER stress. To examine whether islet β-cells are similarly susceptible to ER stress and undergo iPLA(2)β-mediated apoptosis,...
The asymmetric synthesis of new chiral γ-chloro-α,β-diaminocarboxylamide derivatives by highly diastereoselective Mannich-type reactions of N-(diphenylmethylene)glycinamides across chiral α-chloro-N-p-toluenesulfinylaldimines was developed. The resulting (S(S),2S,3S)-γ-chloro-α,β-diaminocarboxylamides were formed with the opposite enantiotopic face selectivity as compared to the (S(S),2R,3R)-γ-...
Recent studies have uncovered thousands of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in human pancreatic β cells. β cell lncRNAs are often cell type specific and exhibit dynamic regulation during differentiation or upon changing glucose concentrations. Although these features hint at a role of lncRNAs in β cell gene regulation and diabetes, the function of β cell lncRNAs remains largely unknown. In this s...
Diabetes mellitus, which may cause hyperglycemia and a number of complications, mostly results from a deficiency of β cell mass (type 1 diabetes) or a limitation of β cell function (type 2 diabetes). Currently, enhancing β cell regeneration and increasing cell proliferation have not only been described in experimental diabetes models, but have also been proven to improve outcomes for patients w...
Type 2 diabetes ultimately results from pancreatic β-cell failure. Abnormally elevated intracellular regeneration of glucocorticoids by the enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) in fat or liver may underlie pathophysiological aspects of the metabolic syndrome. Elevated 11β-HSD1 is also found in pancreatic islets of obese/diabetic rodents and is hypothesized to suppress insul...
Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) is the key enzyme involved in photosynthetic carbon fixation, converting atmospheric CO2 to organic compounds. Form I Rubisco is a cylindrical complex composed of eight large (RbcL) subunits that are capped by four small subunits (RbcS) at the top and four at the bottom. Form I Rubiscos are phylogenetically divided into green- and red-ty...
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