Prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) is a rare but serious complication of cardiac valve replacement surgery and is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Despite significant advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis and management of this disease process, the rates of undesirable outcomes, including mortality directly attributable to infection, remain unacceptably high. ...

In clinical laboratories, the diagnosis of parasite diseases can sometimes be challenging for non-expert microbiologists. Indeed, in spite advent molecular biology, macroscopic and microscopic examinations still remain essential. Nonetheless, it is usually not automated requires great skills to complete correct diagnosis. It infrequent that inert elements mislead erroneous diagnoses. Through th...