Abstract Despite that large percentages of individual daily time is spent in the home, few studies have examined relationship between indoor particulate matter (PM) exposure residential settings with subclinical indicators cardiovascular risk. This cross-sectional study investigated associations to fine (PM 2.5 ) and ultrafine (UFP) PM domestic environments, central blood pressure (BP) componen...

Understanding local-scale transport and dispersion of pollutants emitted from traffic sources is important for urban planning and air quality assessments. Predicting pollutant concentration patterns in complex environments depends on accurate representations of local features (e.g., noise barriers, trees, buildings) affecting near-field air flows. This study examined the effects of roadside bar...

Various separation properties of shift spaces have been defined in the literature. In [BPS], several were put into a chain of strict implications, leaving one open question: Is the uniform filling property (UFP) a strictly weaker condition than strong irreducibility (SI)? We given an example to show that it is, and we show that UFP and SI are equivalent for two-dimensional square filling shifts...

Air pollution, containing high-level of ultrafine particles (UFP) and benzene, is a prominent environmental health problem in many cities of the World. We investigated the level of oxidative DNA damage in mononuclear blood cells (MNBC) by the comet assay as DNA strand breaks (SB) and formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (FPG) sensitive sites in residents from three urban locations in Cotonou, Be...

Reactions causing deleterious changes in texture, structure and chemical composition of frozen foods occur frequently and result in a loss of quality or shelflife, Polysaccharides, e..g., guar, locust bean gum, are added to many frozen food formulations at low concentrations and are effective at stabilizing products against rapid ice crystal growth. During freezing, an unfrozen phase (UFP) cont...

Few weights codes have been an important topic of coding theory for decades. In this paper, a class of two-weight and three-weight codes for the homogeneous metric over the chain ring R = Fp + uFp + · · ·+ uFp are constructed. These codes are defined as trace codes. They are shown to be abelian. Their homogeneous weight distributions are computed by using exponential sums. In particular, we giv...

Ultrafine particle (UFP) number concentrations vary significantly on small spatial and temporal scales due to their short atmospheric lifetimes and multiplicity of sources. To determine UFP exposure gradients within a community, simultaneous particle number concentration measurements at a network of sites are necessary. Concurrent par-5 ticle size distribution measurements aid in identifying UF...

Let 0 be any fixed 3-uniform hypergraph. For a 3-uniform hypergraph we define 0( ) to be the maximum size of a set of pairwise triple-disjoint copies of 0 in . We say a function from the set of copies of 0 in to [0, 1] is a fractional 0-packing of if ¥ e ( ) 1 for every triple e of . Then * 0( ) is defined to be the maximum value of ¥ 0 over all fractional 0-packings of . We show that * 0( ) 0(...

This study presents an evaluation and modeling exercise of the size fractionated aerosol particle number concentrations measured nearby a major road in Helsinki during 23 August–19 September 2003 and 14 January–11 February 2004. The available information also included electronic traffic counts, on-site meteorological measurements, and urban background particle number size distribution measureme...