OBJECTIVE To discuss the diagnostic validity of unusual bodily perceptions along the spectrum from age-specific, often transitory and normal, to pathological phenomena in adolescence to hypochondriasis and finally to psychosis. METHODS Critical literature review of the cornerstone diagnostic groups along the spectrum embracing anxiety and cenesthopathy in adolescence, hypochondriasis, and cen...

Electrides are an emerging class of materials with excess electrons localized in interstices and acting as anionic interstitial quasi-atoms (ISQs). The spatial ion–electron separation means that electrides can be treated physically ionic crystals, this unusual behavior leads to extraordinary physical chemical phenomena. Here, a completely different effect is predicted. By recognizing the long-r...

in the present study, an investigation was carried out on parvadeh coal mine in tabas, iran, to survey the effect of fractures on unusual methane gas emission in coal mines. this coal mine was chosen for investigating because of its high methane gas content in the coal body and available data from sensors in desired locations. gas concentration monitoring programs were carried out at the mine s...

Recently, the number of unusual extreme weather that causes natural disasters is increasing, and accompanying phenomena such as local heavy rainstorms, tornado, and gust fronts have caused an immediate and often devastating impact on a broad range of human activities. Weather radar has played an important role to survey those meteorological phenomena associated with rainfall and to mitigate mos...

Ferromagnetic (FM) manganites, a group of likely half-metallic oxides, are of special interest not only because they are a testing ground for the classical double-exchange interaction mechanism for the 'colossal' magnetoresistance, but also because they exhibit an extraordinary arena of emergent phenomena. These emergent phenomena are related to the complexity associated with strong interplay b...

Two-dimensional stacks of dissimilar hexagonal monolayers exhibit unusual electronic, photonic and photovoltaic responses that arise from substantial interlayer excitations. Interband excitation phenomena in individual hexagonal monolayer occur in states at band edges (valleys) in the hexagonal momentum space; therefore, low-energy interlayer excitation in the hexagonal monolayer stacks can be ...

The kinetics of the annihilation process, A + A → 0, with ballistic particle motion is investigated when the distribution of particle velocities is discrete. This discreteness is the source of many intriguing phenomena. In the mean field limit, the densities of different velocity species decay in time with different power law rates for many initial conditions. For a onedimensional symmetric sys...

In developing the psychology of the self, Heinz Kohut clearly recognized the importance of theory validation in psychoanalysis. His own method of verification was heavily reliant on the empathic observation of clinical phenomena, though he explicitly acknowledged the hazards of such evidence. The clinical situation reveals in a particularly graphic manner the transference-like phenomena that ar...

A topologically ordered material is characterized by a rare quantum organization of electrons that evades the conventional spontaneously broken symmetry-based classification of condensed matter. Exotic spin-transport phenomena, such as the dissipationless quantum spin Hall effect, have been speculated to originate from a topological order whose identification requires a spin-sensitive measureme...

Soldering is an ancient process, having been developed 5000 years ago. It remains a crucial process with many modern applications. In electronic devices, electric currents pass through solder joints. A new physical phenomenon--the supersaturation of solders under high electric currents--has recently been observed. It involves (1) un-expected supersaturation of the solder matrix phase, and (2) t...