A fundamental set of patterning genes may define the global organization of the craniofacial region. One of our goals has been to identify these basic patterning genes and understand how they regulate outgrowth of the frontonasal process, which gives rise to the mid and upper face. We identified a molecular boundary in the frontonasal process ectoderm, defined by the juxtaposed domains of Fibro...

In this article we investigate the existence of extremal(maximal and minimal) solutions for the following coupled system of integrodifferential equations of fractional order with the given boundary conditions of the form  Du(t) + f1(t, v(t), I v(t)) = 0, 0 < t < 1, Dv(t) + f2(t, u(t), I u(t)) = 0, 0 < t < 1, u(0) = 0, u′(1) = 0, v(0) = 0, v′(1) = 0. where 1 < α, β ≤ 2 and f1, f2 : [0, 1] × ...

Stepwise increases in fluorescent illuminance, imposed as a single variable in a controlled environment, induced progressive stomatal opening in 8 plant species, as evidenced by a consistent decrease in leaf diffusion resistance (R(L)), ranging from 15 to 70 sec cm(-1) in darkness to about 1 sec cm(-1) at approximately 40 kilolux. The minimum R(L) values were the same for the upper and the lowe...

A detailed investigation of the scaling properties of the fully finite O(n) systems, under periodic boundary conditions, with long-range interaction, decaying algebraically with the interparticle distance r like r(-d-sigma), below their upper critical dimension, is presented. The computation of the scaling functions is done to one loop order in the nonzero modes. The results are obtained in an ...

the aitamir formation (albian- cenomanian) in the kopet- dagh basin consists of fine to medium grained sandstone, siltstone, shale and limestone. its lower contact with the sanganeh formation is gradual and its upper contact with the abderaz formation is unconformable. field and petrographic studies of the aitamir formation in artenj and ghorghoreh sections, located in bazangan area- east of ko...

in this paper we will determine the multiple point manifolds of certain self-transverse immersions in euclidean spaces. following the triple points, these immersions have a double point self-intersection set which is the image of an immersion of a smooth 5-dimensional manifold, cobordant to dold manifold $v^5$ or a boundary. we will show there is an immersion of $s^7times p^2$ in $mathbb{r}^{13...

This paper proposes an algorithm to evaluate the probability that d units of data can be sent from the source node to the sink node through a valid group of paths on a network. The conditions of transmission are such that the transmission time of each path belonging to this valid group of paths does not exceed the specified upper bound T, and that the maximal capacity of that path is not less t...

In simple electrical flow problems the Dirichlet integral of the potential function gives the electrical conductance. Moreover the Dirichlet integral of an arbitrary function satisfying the boundary condition gives an upper bound for the conductance. This last property (Dirichlet's principle) does not hold if the boundary value problem is not self-adjoint. This paper develops new algorithms for...

We study polynomial approximations of vertex singularities of the type rλ| log r|β on three-dimensional surfaces. The analysis focuses on the case when λ > − 12 . This assumption is a minimum requirement to guarantee that the above singular function is in the energy space for boundary integral equations with hypersingular operators. Thus, the approximation results for such singularities are nee...