The acute effects of intravenous (i.v.) probenecid and chlorothiazide on renal urate handling were investigated in paired studies in normal men. Uricosuric responses to these agents were compared in the same subjects, both without and with pyrazinamide (PZA) pretreatment. Assuming that PZA selectively inhibits the tubular secretion of urate and that uricosuric agents act by increasing the excre...

BACKGROUND The first metatatarsophalangeal joint (1st MTP joint) is a common location for sonographic evidence of urate deposition in people with gout and asymptomatic hyperuricaemia. However, it is unclear whether these are related to clinically-assessed pain and function. This study aimed to determine the association between ultrasound features and clinical characteristics of the 1st MTP join...

BACKGROUND Urate is a natural antioxidant and may prevent CNS tissue damage and the clinical manifestations of experimental autoimmune encephalitis. Results from clinical studies are conflicting and the contribution of urate to the pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) remains uncertain. OBJECTIVE To evaluate serum urate levels in MS patients and their relationships with clinical, demograph...

BACKGROUND Hyperuricemia induces endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation, increasing cardiovascular morbidities. It also raises the incidence of atrial fibrillation; however, underlying mechanisms are unknown. METHODSANDRESULTS The effects of urate on expression of Kv1.5 in cultured mouse atrial myocytes (HL-1 cells) using reverse transcriptase-PCR, immunoblots, flow cytome...

Background Hyperuricemia often causes kidney dysfunction which increases serum urate, forming a vicious cycle in the kidney. In this study, urate-lowering therapy was demonstrated in type 2 diabetic patients with hyperuricemia to evaluate the effect on diabetic nephropathy. Methods Type 2 diabetic patients with hyperuricemia (n = 34) were treated by urate-lowering drugs. Serum urate levels, e...

OBJECTIVE The central strategy for effective gout management is longterm urate-lowering therapy to maintain the serum urate at a level below 0.36 mmol/l. We sought to determine the prevalence of gout and the quality of care in a national Australian general practice population. METHODS Data were from general practice point-of-care electronic records over a 5-year period (n = 1,479,449). Inform...

BERGER,LAWRENCE,T'SAIFANY~~ANDALEXANDER B. GUTMAN. Efect of drugs that alter uric acid excretion in man on uric acid clearance in the chicken. Am. J. Physiol. rg8(3) : 575-580. 1960. -In 43 chickens, the mean Cinulin was 4.7 + I .8 ml/min. (I .8 =t 0.8 ml/kg/ min.), mean C urate 29.0 rt 14.9 ml/min. (I 1.3 =t 6.0 ml/kg/ min.) and mean Turate 1.30 zt 0.69 mg/min. (0.48 & 0.24 mg/kg/ min.). Tubul...

The transport mechanism of urate and p-aminohippurate (PAH) was evaluated in microvillus membrane vesicles isolated from the renal cortex of the mongrel dog. Imposition of a transmembrane pH gradient (pHo less than pH1) markedly accelerated the uptake of [14C]urate and [3H]PAH and caused the transient accumulation ("overshoot") of each anion above its final level of uptake. The transport of ura...

The effect of serum and synovial fluid obtained from six healthy subjects and from 12 patients with gout, six with rheumatoid arthritis and 18 with calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate arthropathy (CPPD) on the rate of in vitro urate crystal formation was measured. Gouty and normal serum produced similar results. Gouty synovial fluids promoted urate crystal formation significantly more than did rheu...

Uric acid is the product of purine metabolism and its increased levels result in hyperuricemia. A number of epidemiological reports link hyperuricemia with multiple disorders, such as kidney diseases, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Recent studies also showed that expression and functional changes of urate transporters are associated with hyperuricemia. Uric acid transporters are divided ...