Do poor elders really leave poverty? We explore the prevalence and nature of exits from poverty among poor elders, with special attention to rural-urban differences in this regard. Analyzing twenty years of data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, we find that 40% of poor elders leave poverty after one year. However, descriptive data suggest many of these exits resulted from small increase...

The contribution of household endowments to poverty in Nigeria has received little attention despite the fact that both human and capital asset endowments are important determinants of poverty outcomes. This paper thus examines empirically the role of household physical and human assets endowments in determining poverty in Nigeria between 1985 and 1996. Using data from the national consumer sur...

Bangladesh has gained substantial experience in using micro credit for reducing poverty since 1980s. NGOs first adopted micro credit approach basically to empower the women attempting at generating self employment and self reliance. The government followed the policy to achieve same objectives. NGOs and GOs have launched micro credit based programs to alleviate urban poverty, especially in the ...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Human development index (HDI) is extensively used to measure the standard of living of a country. India made a study progress in the HDI value. Extreme poverty is concentrated in rural areas of northern States while income growth has been dynamic in southern States and urban areas. This study was undertaken to assess the trends in HDI, human poverty index (HPI) and incid...

in this paper, a method for establishing a support criterion or poverty line is developed based on engel’s law and domestic nutritional values. the support criterion is differentiated across rural and urban areas. an important result is that for 1989, people who spend less than 108,000 rials annually lie inside the poverty line in urban areas. a further important result is that food should be g...

of Punjab. Primary data have been obtained through interviews held with farmers during the various research projects and peers.. Results and Discussions Poverty Status At the time of independence, the country faced twin nutritional problems threat of famine and acute starvation, and chronic under nutrition. Former existed due to the lack of national and regional food security systems. The latte...

The association between poverty and HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa remains contested. A better understanding of the relationship between the prevalence of poverty and the disease is essential for addressing prevention, treatment, and care. The present study interrogates this relationship, using a cross-sectional survey of 2477 households in urban and rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Structura...

Over the past decade there has been an evident shift in the attitudes of Pacific peoples, governments and donors to the continued urbanisation of the region and the serious challenges emerging as a result. While not denying the obvious needs of rural development, and the connection rural poverty has with the pace and character of urban development, the region’s cities are clearly, and belatedly...

BACKGROUND Significant and persistent racial and income disparities in birth outcomes exist in the US. The analyses in this manuscript examine whether adverse birth outcome time trends and associations between area-level variables and adverse birth outcomes differ by urban-rural status. METHODS Alabama births records were merged with ZIP code-level census measures of race, poverty, and rurali...

BACKGROUND Unprecedented declines in invasive breast cancer rates occurred in the United States between 2001 and 2004, particularly for estrogen receptor-positive tumors among non-Hispanic white women over 50 years. To understand the broader public health import of these reductions among previously unstudied populations, we utilized the largest available US cancer registry resource to describe ...