The discovery of vaccination by Jenner, as well as the development of the principle of vaccines by Pasteur, had an enormous impact on the eradication of many infectious diseases. These developments opened the road to the development of attenuated (i.e., live) or inactivated (i.e., noninfectious) vaccines; however, such vaccines are not without problems and can have detrimental effects. Indeed, ...

  In 1974, the World Health Organization (WHO) established the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) to ensure that all children have access to routinely recommended vaccines. Since then, global coverage with the four core vaccines (Bacille calmette guérin vaccine [for protection against tuberculosis], Diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine [DTP], Polio vaccine, and Measles vaccine) has increase...

Vaccines are considered as one of the major contributions of the 20th century and one of the most cost effective public health interventions. The International Vaccine Institute has as a mission to discover, develop and deliver new and improved vaccines against infectious diseases that affects developing nations. If Louis Pasteur is known across the globe, vaccinologists like Maurice Hilleman, ...