a pulmonary embolus clogs the artery that provides blood supply to a part of the lung. the embolus not only prevents the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide but also decreases blood supply to the lung tissue itself, potentially causing the tissue to die (infarct). a 52-year-old man presented with syncope and anxiety. he had sinus tachycardia and dilated right ventricle with trabeculations. a ...

Functional positive-contrast shuntography includes a patency check of both limbs of the shunt and the shunt valve by fluoroscopy following the injection of an iodinated contrast agent (anatomic shuntogram) and an assessment of the adequacy of ventricular fluid drainage under physiologic conditions by using serial CT scans to assess the rate of iodine dissipation from the ventricular system (phy...

Although low ECG voltage has been associated with pericardial effusion, its diagnostic usefulness in such patients is unclear. When we examined the relationship between the volume of pericardial effusion and low voltage in 28 patients who underwent pericardial drainage, 14 patients exhibited low voltage (sum of limb lead QRS amplitudes of 30 mm or less). In eight patients, the QRS amplitude was...

Body fluid gas pressure and electrolytes of patients with ruptured aneurysm were continuously analyzed. Intracranial pressure (ICP) was regulated at the level of 120-100 mm H2O by cerebral ventricular drainage. There was no significant change in the pH, PCO2, HCO3-, Na+, K+, Ca++ in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with slight or moderate disturbance of consciousness (lethargic-drowsy ...

OBJECTIVES To present a complication which occurred in relation to drainage of left superior vena cava. METHODS A 25-year-old patient underwent intracardiac repair for Tetralogy of Fallot. Left superior vena cava was present. It was drained by insertion of a left ventricular sump vent catheter via coronary sinus. The immediate postoperative period was uneventful. The patient presented on the ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) remains associated with high morbidity and mortality. Therapy with external ventricular drainage alone has not modified outcome in these patients. METHODS Twelve pilot IVH patients who required external ventricular drainage were prospectively treated with intraventricular urokinase followed by the randomized, double-blinded allocation o...

We report a rare case of an idiopathic pseudoaneurysm causing intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). A 28-year-old man presented with sudden onset of severe headache. He underwent external ventricular drainage for an isolated IVH in the right lateral ventricle. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) revealed that the aneurysm (7.5×4.5 mm) arose from the distal part of the medial lenticulostriate art...

In most patients, cardiac tamponade should be diagnosed by a clinical examination that shows elevated systemic venous pressure, tachycardia, dyspnea, and paradoxical arterial pulse. Systemic blood pressure may be normal, decreased, or even elevated. The diagnosis is confirmed by echocardiographic demonstration of moderately large or large circumferential pericardial effusion and in most instanc...

We report the case of a 68-year-old man suffering from incremental hepatic and renal failure one month after anterior myocardial infarction. Cardiac MRI showed a pronounced apical post-AMI aneurysm, a moderate to severe mitral and tricuspid regurgitation as well as a hemodynamically highly significant 12 mm apical ventricular septal defect with a left-to-right ventricular shunt of almost 63% as...

BACKGROUND Cardiac perforation is a recognized complication of catheter ablation procedures, most commonly encountered during ablation of atrial fibrillation. The study aims to investigate the incidence, management, and hospital outcomes of cardiac perforation complicating catheter ablation for ventricular arrhythmias. METHODS AND RESULTS Consecutive patients undergoing catheter ablation for ...