The identification of new chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer should proceed in a structured, logical fashion. Agents should be evaluated on the basis of multiple objective and subjective end points. A 15% or greater major objective response rate, demonstrated in multiple single-agent phase II trials, is considered the lower limit for an agent to be deemed cl...

Resistance of solid tumors to treatment is significantly attributed to pharmacokinetic reasons at both cellular and multi-cellular levels. Anticancer agent must be bio-available at the site of action in a cytotoxic concentration to exert its proposed activity. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a member of the ATP-dependent membrane transport proteins; it is known to pump substrates out of cells in ATP-d...

The importance of genetic variation for sustaining biological diversity and evolutionary processes is widely accepted. The present study aims to investigate the phylogenetic relationships among five selected species of Apocynaceae collected from various regions of Pakistan using chloroplast gene (rps11) which encode ribosomal protein of smaller subunit11. For this purpose rps11 gene was amplifi...

Catharanthus roseus (= Vinca rosea), Adenine Phosphori­ bosyltransferase, Subcellular D istribution, Mitochondria, Purine Salvage Subcellular localization of adenine phosphoribosyltrans­ ferase was examined in Catharanthus roseus cells. At least 13% of the activity was observed in the particulate fraction with the rest observed in the cytosol. Both differential and Percoll density gradient cent...

S 12363 is a new Vinca alkaloid derivative, characterized by the grafting of an alpha-aminophosphonate, onto the Vinca nucleus, facilitating drug penetration and increasing intracellular drug retention. As a high cytotoxic activity had been demonstrated in in vitro and in vivo models recommended by the National Cancer Institute, a phase I trial was initiated in cancer patients. In order to quan...