Milk concentration permeate (MCP), a low-value by-product of ultrafiltration plants and calcium carbonate-based catalysts were used for lactulose production. The results obtained show the effectiveness of oyster shell powder and limestone for lactose isomerisation as a replacement for egg shell powder. With the reaction conditions of 12mg/ml catalyst loading, reflux time of 120min at 96°C, a ma...

Heterostructured powders composed of microcrystalline PbTiO3 cores coated with nanostructured TiO2 shells were prepared by a sol–gel method. When exposed to visible light (l 4 420 nm), the heterostructured powder degrades methylene blue at a rate 4.8 times greater than PbTiO3, TiO2, or mechanical mixtures of the phases. The rate at which the heterostructured powder degrades methylene blue depen...

Sleep is a vital segment of life, however, the mechanisms of diet promoting sleep are unclear and are the focus of research. Insomnia is a general sleep disorder and functional foods are known to play a key role in the prevention of insomnia. A number of studies have demonstrated that major insomnia risk factors in human being are less functional foods in dietary. There are higher functional co...

In the conventional continuous casting of steel, either mold powder or oil can be added to lubricate the mold from sticking to the solidifying steel shell. The mold powder melts to form a molten slag or flux layer, and also acts to protect the molten steel from oxidation, to insulate the molten steel from heat loss, to absorb inclusions from the molten steel, to regulate heat transfer to mold w...

A coaxial transmission line was constructed, characterized, and calibrated for the frequency dependent measurement of complex relative permeability (l r) and complex permittivity (e r). The permeability of Ni powder with a grain size of < 1 lm was measured as a function of packing density to verify the system performance. 8–10 nm diameter Co nanoparticles were synthesized, dried to a powder, an...

The effectiveness of low cost agro-based materials namely, Tamarindus indica seed (TS), crushed coconut shell (CS), almond shell (AS), ground nut shell (GS) and walnut shell (WS) were evaluated for Cr(VI) removal. Batch test indicated that hexavalent chromium sorption capacity (q(e)) followed the sequence q(e)(TS) > q(e)(WS) > q(e)(AS) > q(e)(GS) > q(e)(CS). Due to high sorptive capacity, tamar...

Adsorption of gold cyanide on three types of Activated Carbons (ACs) has been investigated in batch and column adsorption conditions. Applied ACs have been derived from different crops precursors i.e., coconut shell (CAC), peach stone (PAC), and walnut shell (WAC). As peach stone and walnut shells are abundant agricultural residues in Iran, the activated carbons produced from these precurso...

Results from mathematical models and plant experiments are combined to quantify the effect of transverse depressions and oscillation marks on heat transfer in the continuous casting mold. A heat transfer model has been developed to calculate transient heat conduction within the solidifying steel, coupled with the steady-state heat conduction with the continuous casting mold wall. The model feat...

The main purpose of the research is to study composition walnut shells. Walnut kernels are widely used in food industry, but, at same time, shell obtained stage cleaning usually disposed by burning. Given multi-ton volume fruit processing, output production waste also significant. When processing even one ton walnuts, an unused product remains – a weighing over 550 kg, which requires removal an...