Climate changes, failure to complete the natural cycle of water in the city due to unsustainableconstruction of the urban environments and increase of impervious surfaces, lack of nutrition of undergroundaquifer in the cities, unsustainable management of stormwater and the floods due to them in the periods of rainfallcaused to provide an approach that is called water sensitive urban design. Thi...

High quality water is less available for agriculture and thus farmers often use saline water, that affects crop growth and yield. Snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is sensitive to soil and water salinity, and also to heat stress. The aim of this research is to evaluate if a postponed transplant (high temperature stress) of snap bean can influence growth and yield under saline conditions. Snap bean...

Water distribution networks are one of the important and costly infrastructures of cities and many meta-heuristic algorithms in standard or hybrid forms were used for optimizing water distribution networks. These algorithms require a large amount of computational cost. Therefore, the converging speed of algorithms toward the optimization goal is as important as the goal itself. In this paper, a...

Hydrologic models simulate the river flow from the contributing basin for a given river. For the simulation process, the integration domain is discretized into computational cells. The inputs for such models are precipitation ratio and the initial flow. There are many parameters to be determined for an operational model, including the type of soil (porosity field, water flux between the bottom ...

Abstract Safe water reuse usually means the provision of reclaimed with its quality meeting criteria for safeguarding human health and aquatic ecology. Regarding this, people often overstress technological magic in terms hazardous substances removal by engineered processes while ignoring utilization nature's power to provide an additional barrier safety control. Based on understanding function ...

This study focuses on the possible relationship between ice water path (IWP) retrievals using high-frequency channels (89 and 150 GHZ) from: Advanced Microwave Sensor Unit B and Moisture Humidity Sounder sensors (NOAA 16-19) and the life cycle stage of convective clouds. In the first part of this study, the relationship between IWP and the cloud area expansion rate is analyzed using the 235 K i...

The aim of this study is to find the optimal water pressure and percentage of supply vapour in the feed water heaters (fwhs) of steam power plants, such that they maximize the thermal efficiency of the Rankine cycle within pre-specified values of minimum and maximum pressures of the thermodynamic cycle. Thermal efficiency is defined as a function of unknown variables (fluid pressure and vap...