Mathematical optimisation is used to integrate and economically evaluate wastewater reuse, desalination and other water management options for water supply in Ensenada, Baja California Mexico with future levels of population and water demand. The optimisation model (CALVIN) is used to explore and integrate water management alternatives such as water markets, reuse and seawater desalination, wit...

A mathematical programming approach is developed for deriving estimates of the willingness-to-pay of water customers for improvements in water supply reliability. Reliability is represented as a probability distribution of different shortage levels, allowing the valuation of different profiles of water supply reliability. The approach is examined analytically and a two-stage linear programming ...

The increasing costs associated with water supply and the disposal of wastewater has stimulated industries to seek more efficient water management systems. Mathematical modelling and simulation can be a very valuable tool for the study of the multiple alternatives available whilst assessing optimum solutions for water management in industry. This study introduces a new steady state model librar...

Desalination systems driven by renewable energies are limited, and they usually have a limited capacity. They only represent about 0.02% of total desalination capacity. However, many reasons make the use of renewable energies suitable for brackish and seawater desalination. In addition to shortage of fresh water resources, Jordan is suffering from shortages in recoverable commercial energy sour...

molecular isolation of biodegradable mycobacteria from water supplies of iranian hospitals background and objectives: some microorganisms, mainly members of two genera including pseudomonas and mycobacterium , were found to be capable of transforming and degrading of polluting agents. we herein report the isolation of a few mycobacteria with the ability to biodegrade organic and inorganic compo...

This paper summarises the impact of major earthquakes, 2010–2011, on Christchurch’s water supply network and what recovery measures have been applied, what worked well, what did not and why. A number of issues related to the open nature of the Christchurch water supply network were identified during earthquakes. It was difficult to manage large water supply pressure zones during the post-earthq...

Optimization models, especially nonlinear optimization models, have been widely used to solve integrated supply chain design problems. In integrated supply chain design, the decision maker needs to take into consideration inventory costs and distribution costs when the number and locations of the facilities are determined. The objective is to minimize the total cost that includes location costs...

Seven alternatives were evaluated to determine the most effective water supply strategy for the United Stares Marine Corp Air Station at the New River Water Treatment Plant, Camp Lejeune, North Carolina to ensure adequate flow, pressure and quality of potable water. It was determined that the No Action alternative was not acceptable due to plant deficiencies that have caused regulatory complian...