BACKGROUND During the last two decades, waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS), also known as hookah, witnessed a global increase in use, especially among youth. Little information is known about the burden of WTS among Palestinian youth. A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of WTS and cigarette smoking and explore the associated factors among a sample of Palestinian univer...

background rheumatic diseases are chronic diseases, which may be associated with severe and debilitating pain. objectives the purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of tobacco and opioid use among rheumatic patients. patients and methods in this cross-sectional study, 1042 patients referred to a major rheumatology clinic of kerman city, in south east of iran, were interviewed. pati...

waterpipe smoking has become a global youth trend especially in the middle east countries and iran . the aim of this study was to determine the mutagenic effects of three most popular flavored tobaccos by four different salmonella typhimurium strains and compare the possible mutagenic effects of the test samples. ames mutagenicity assessment was conducted according to the oecd guideline using t...

Objectives: Studies have correlated second hand smoke (SHS) with many diseases, especially respiratory effects. The goal of this study was to measure the impact of SHS on the respiratory symptoms and exhaled carbon monoxide. Material and Methods: The study population consisted of 50 young workers in restaurants serving waterpipes, 48 university students who sit frequently in the university cafe...

The aim of the letter to editor is to provide some comments regarding the manuscript of DehghanNezhad et al.(1) recently published in the Iranian Journal of Pathology titled “Micronucleus Assay of Buccal Mucosa Cells in Waterpipe (Hookah) Smokers: A Cytologic Study.” In this article, the authors were able to detect high frequencies of micronucleus in buccal mucosa cells of waterpipe smokers whe...

OBJECTIVE Waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) involves passing tobacco smoke through water prior to inhalation, and has spread worldwide. This spread becomes a public health concern if it is associated with tobacco-caused disease and if WTS supports tobacco/nicotine dependence. A growing literature demonstrates that WTS is associated with disability, disease and death. This narrative review examine...

Background: Tobacco is consumed in various forms, and there has been an increasing trend worldwide in the use of waterpipe. This study aimed to assess the university students’ attitudes towards waterpipe.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study; 1130 students randomly were selected from universities of Kerman. They were provided with a researcher-made questionnaire after obtaining the informed...

introduction: cigarette smoking affects nitric oxide production. the aim of this study was to determine associations between tobacco smoke and serum nitric oxide metabolites (nox) concentration. methods: serum nox concentration was measured by the griess method in 230 nonsmokers, 238 active, 196 passive and 29 waterpipe smokers. subjects were selected from participants of tehran lipid and gluco...