OBJECTIVES To determine the efficacy of ronidazole (RDZ), tinidazole (TDZ), and metronidazole (MDZ) against Tritrichomonas foetus in vitro and of RDZ for treatment of feline naturally occurring or experimentally induced T. foetus infection. ANIMALS A cat naturally infected with T. foetus infection and diarrhea. Ten specific-pathogen-free (SPF) kittens. PROCEDURE RDZ, TDZ, and MDZ were teste...

The present study is a contribution to the enhancement of Ivorian traditional medicine, by carrying out bio-tolerance tests an aqueous extract aerial parts Crotalaria retusa (EACr) in mice and rats according guidelines Organization for Economic Co-operation Development (OECD) 423 407, respectively. doses 2000 5000 mg/kg body weight (BW) were used acute toxicity. For subacute toxicity which last...

Urban ecosystems are rapidly expanding and their effects on atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) inventories are unknown. Our objectives were to: (i) measure the magnitude, seasonal patterns, and annual emissions of N2O in turfgrass; (ii) evaluate effects of fertilization with a high and low rate of urea N; and (iii) evaluate effects of urea and ammonium sulfate on N2O emissions in turfgrass. Nitrog...

The present study investigates the effect of crystalline and amorphous carriers for the improvement of dissolution profile of broad spectrum antifungal agent Itraconazole. A comparative study was performed to estimate the ability of Poloxamer-407 (crystalline carrier) and modified Gum Karaya (amorphous carries) for enhancing the dissolution profile of Itraconazole (BCS class II). Solid dispersi...

the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of additives, poly(ethylene glycol) (peg) 1450, poloxamer 407, polyvinyl alcohol (pva) and sodium chloride in order to improve physico-chemical characteristics, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release of bovine serum albumin, form poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (plga) microparticles prepared by the w/o/w solvent evaporation method...

We evaluated pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) induced by new formulations of tramadol (TR) in thermoreversible gels. The poloxamer- (PL-) tramadol systems were prepared by direct dispersion of the drug in solutions with PL 407 and PL 188. The evaluated formulations were as follows: F1: TR 2% in aqueous solution and F2: PL 407 (20%) + PL 188 (10%) + TR 2%; F3: PL 407 (25%) + PL 18...

2 In 1998, the OECD initiated a high-priority activity, to revise existing Test Guidelines and to develop new Test Guidelines for the screening and testing of potential endocrine disruptors (8). One element of the activity was to update the existing OECD guideline for “repeated dose 28-day oral toxicity study in rodents” (TG 407) by parameters suitable to detect endocrine activity of test subst...