نتایج جستجو برای: welfare loss
تعداد نتایج: 489031 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Most analyses of manipulation of voting schemes have adopted two assumptions that greatly diminish their practical import. First, it is usually assumed that the manipulators have full knowledge of the votes of the nonmanipulating agents. Second, analysis tends to focus on the probability of manipulation rather than its impact on the social choice objective (e.g., social welfare). We relax both ...
ing from its dynamic effects on the economy, the potential benefits from deregulation of an inefficiently regulated sector may be illustrated in a simplified scheme first worked out by Harberger (1954) for the estimation of welfare losses from monopoly20. In this case, the Harberger measure of welfare loss corresponds to that part of the reduction in consumer surplus which is not appropriated b...
We apply nonparametric regression models to estimation of demand curves of the type most often used in applied research. From the demand curve estimators we derive estimates of exact consumers surplus and deadweight loss, that are the most widely used welfare and economic efficiency measures in areas of economics such as public finance. We also develop tests of the symmetry and downward sloping...
Quantitative estimates of the economic damages of climate change usually are based on aggregate relationships linking average temperature change to loss in gross domestic product (GDP). However, there is a clear need for further detail in the regional and sectoral dimensions of impact assessments to design and prioritize adaptation strategies. New developments in regional climate modeling and p...
Clearing tropical vegetation impacts biodiversity, the provision of ecosystem services, and thus ultimately human welfare. We quantified changes in land cover from 2000 to 2015 across the Cerrado biome of northern Minas Gerais state, Brazil. We assessed the potential biophysical and socio-economic drivers of the loss of Cerrado, natural regeneration and net cover change at the municipality leve...
We consider a single link loss system where the arrival rates are determined by prices. We examine two economic models, one where prices are set to maximize revenue, and the other where prices are set to maximize total social welfare.
Our purpose is to investigate auditor independence by developing a model that includes both financial and nonfinancial incentives and to test this model using an experiment. We develop the Gatekeeper Game: a three player game, where a gatekeeper makes a decision that affects the wealth of two parties (a proposer and a third party) who have conflicting interests. We find that gatekeepers represe...
Why Do So Many Calves Die on Modern Dairy Farms and What Can We Do about Calf Welfare in the Future?
Poor bovine neonatal survival rates are an international animal welfare issue. The key modifiable risk factors associated with such loss are age at first calving in primiparae, calf breed, gender and gestation length and calving management. The primary causes of mortality in the perinatal period are calving problems, in particular dystocia, defined as both difficult and abnormal calvings. Calf ...
The Telecommunications industry is usually characterised by low marginal costs and significant fixed costs which are the conditions for the inefficiency of marginal cost pricing. In such cases theory postulates that optimal pricing is obtained by maximising welfare subject to a restriction of viability of the firm: the second-best pricing scheme. The possible Welfare Losses due to second-best p...
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