Non-native earthworms have invaded ecosystems around the world but have recently received increased attention as they invaded previously earthworm-free habitats in northern North America. Earthworms can affect plants by ingesting seeds and burying them in the soil. These effects can be negative or positive but are expected to become increasingly negative with decreasing seed size. Orchids have ...

[1] The southern Canadian foreland fold-and-thrust belt (FFTB) (SW Alberta–SE British Columbia) records the interplay between foreland basin evolution with the deformingwedge and thus controls the regionalscale overburden and exhumation history. Overburden estimates are typically based on the assumption that peak burials were reached by sedimentary burial prior to the emplacement of thrust shee...

We have calculated the absolute heat capacities of fragments 1--73 (N fragment) and 74--108 (C fragment) from thioredoxin, their complex and the uncleaved protein, from the concentration dependence of the apparent heat capacities of the solutions determined by differential scanning calorimetry. We find that, while the absolute heat capacities of uncleaved, unfolded thioredoxin and the C fragmen...

A falling rigid body through air, water, and sediment is investigated experimentally and theoretically. Two experiments were conducted to drop rigid cylinders with density ratio around 1.8 into shallow water (around 13 m deep) in the Monterey Bay (Exp-1) and into the Naval Postgraduate School’s swimming pool (Exp-2). During the experiments, we carefully observe cylinder track and burial depth w...

Sclerotia are the primary over wintering inoculum of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary. The effects of tillage on the primary inoculum are not well understood. The purpose of this research was to study sclerotial viability over time and between burial depths in soil, to identify bacteria colonizing and degrading the sclerotia, and determine whether these bacteria may be utilized as biolog...

Three independent trials were conducted using mortality and burial as endpoints. Amphipod mean lethal concentration to 50% (LC50) was 227 microg/L. One-hour burial as a sublethal endpoint increased the sensitivity of the toxicity test by 40%; however, most amphipods that survived exposure were able to recover within 24 to 48 h. This toxic hangover was dose-dependent.

lurestan province is petroliferous area. the reserved oil are in ilam and sarvak  (cretaceous ) and kangan ( lower triassic ) and dalan (permian) formations. the lurestan area had high exploration activity but contribution of source rocks in hydrocarbon accumulations isn’t clear. in this paper essential elements and process of hydrocarbon accumulation are introduced. candidate  source  rocks ar...