land mines are one of the tragic problems to human security in many countries. among many techniques suggested detecting landmines, plant-based detectors can be used as a reliable tool for unexploded ordnance detection. this study was conducted to determine different concentrations effect of trinitrotoluene (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45 and 60 ppm) on germination and early seedling growth of 6 spec...

Analysis of intraspecies diversity in wheat and barley genomes identifies breakpoints of ancient haplotypes and provides insight in the structure of diploid and hexaploid Triticeae gene pools Abstract A large number of wheat and barley varieties have evolved in agricultural ecosystems since domestication. Because of the large, repetitive genomes of these Triticeae crops, sequence information is...

Inflorescences of the tribe Triticeae, which includes wheat (Triticum sp. L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) are characterized by sessile spikelets directly borne on the main axis, thus forming a branchless spike. 'Compositum-Barley' and tetraploid 'Miracle-Wheat' (T. turgidum convar. compositum (L.f.) Filat.) display noncanonical spike-branching in which spikelets are replaced by lateral bran...

Many grasses have mutualistic symbioses with fungi of the family Clavicipitaceae. Tall fescue can harbor the obligate endophyte, Neotyphodium coenophialum that is asexually propagated and transmitted via host seeds. Total RNA was isolated from pseudostems of known endophyte-infected (E+) and endophyte-free (E-) plants and tested in triplicate on the Affymetrix Wheat Genome Array GeneChip and Ba...

ALTHOUGH previous work has shown the presence of proteolytic activity in wheat and wheat flour, attention has been focused on the fate of the wheat proteins rather than on the nature of the enzymic processes [Sharp and Elmer, 1924; Johnson et al., 1929; Brownlee and Bailey, 1930]. Although the proteolytic activity of wheat is very slight [Cairns and Bailey, 1928; Herd, 1931; Landis, 1935] it ma...

The field experiment was carried out at the Experimental Station of Vytautas Magnus University Agriculture Academy (Lithuania) in 2017–2019. aim study to determine and compare weed spread caraway crop productivity sole (spring barley, spring wheat, pea, caraway), binary barley-caraway, wheat-caraway, pea-caraway) trinary barley-caraway-white clover, wheat-caraway-white pea-caraway-white clover)...

the use of more competitive species and cultivars in small grain cereal production may help to develop production systems that require less herbicide. this study was designed to identify root and shoot characteristics of cereal seedlings that would allow distinguishing the more competitive (mc) cultivars from the less competitive (lc) ones. two growth cabinet trials were conducted using four cr...

Forty-eight barrows and forty-eight gilts (PIC 337 sires x PIC C22 dams) were evaluated to determine the effects of feeding ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC) and different cereal grains on the carcass and fat quality in late finishing pigs. The study was carried out using four replicates with 24 animals in each replicate (four pigs per pen, six pens per replicate, two replicates per slaughter dat...

Stomata of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) leaves failed to open in the light and close in the dark or respond to changes in the CO(2) concentration of the atmosphere in either light or dark when the leaves were in an O(2)-free atmosphere. In contrast, the expected responses to environmental changes were found in atmospheres containing 1.5% O(2). It appears that O(2...

The corn milling industry has widely accepted the presence of bright greenish-yellow fluorescence under a black light as a presumptive indicator of aflatoxin (a poison produced by the mold Aspergillus flavus). This test was applied to wheat, oats, barley, rice, coconut, white corn, yellow corn, peanuts, sorghum, and soybeans, and evaluated in the laboratory. Our study supported the use of brigh...