introduction: the preoperative diagnostic evaluation of the parotid lesion is a valuable aid in planning the operation and the approach to intervention. among different diagnostic tools, fine needle aspiration has a key role. however, the exact efficacy of this technique in our center had not been thoroughly investigated. materials and methods: between january 2000 and june 2007 a subset of 64 ...

This paper talks about the problems in particle swarm optimization (PSO), including local optimum and difficulty in improving solution accuracy by fine tuning. We presents a new variation of Adaptive Tribe-PSO model where nonlinear updating of inertia weight and a particle’s fitness with TribePSO model are combined to improve the speed of convergence as well as fine tune the search in the multi...

the renowned proverb “shāhnāma axarash xoš ast” has implicit question which its answer may change our understanding of the nature and function of shāhnāma. the end of shāhnāma contains numerous tragic events in sassanid age. also it does not seem to be normal if the iranians have deemed the bitter adventure of the shahs and pahlavāns as a happy ending like what firdausi narrates at the end of h...

In this paper1, we propose an observation-based fine grained access control (OFGAC) mechanism where data are made accessible at various level of abstraction according to their sensitivity level. In this setting, unauthorized users are not able to infer the exact content of the data cell containing confidential information, while they are allowed to get partial information out of it, according t...

In this paper, we propose an observation-based fine grained access control (OFGAC) mechanism where data are made accessible at various levels of abstractions according to their sensitivity levels. In this setting, unauthorized users are not able to infer the exact content of the confidential data, while they are allowed to get partial information out of it, according to their access rights. The...