The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) is a widely used drought index to provide good estimations of the intensity, magnitude and spatial extent of droughts. The objective of this study was to analyze the spatial pattern of drought by SPI index. In this paper, patterns of drought hazard in Khuzestan are evaluated according to the data of 17 weather stations during data recording. The influe...

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In the mid-1930s, eastern Oklahoma, USA, suffered an unusually harsh mixture of droughts and extreme rainfall events that led to widespread crop failure over several years. These climatic conditions coincided with low commodity prices, agricultural restructuring and general economic collapse, creating tremendous hardship in rural and agriculturally dependent areas. Using a previously developed ...

in recent decades, issuing of catastrophe bonds for covering the catastrophe losses such as earthquakes, floods, etc. are getting more widespread. the purpose of this paper is determination of the optimal interest rates for investors of these securities, so that it becomes attractive for them. this paper uses fire insurance data in the period of 1328 to 1388 and considers the peaks over thresho...

drought is a major problematic phenomenon mostly for semi-arid areas of iran. during drought periods, reduction in vegetation levels causes such problems as soil erosion, surface runoff, flood risk, etc. therefore, the assessment of drought effects on plant covers is the most important issue. this research was conducted in 2015 using the extracted vegetation indices from moderate resolution ima...

Abstract. Multivariate or compound hydrological-extreme events such as successive floods, large-scale droughts, consecutive drought-to-flood challenge water management and can be particularly impactful. Still, the multivariate nature of floods droughts is often ignored by studying individual characteristics only, which lead to under- overestimation risk. Studying extremes challenging because va...