Many species of large wildlife have declined drastically worldwide. These reductions often lead to profound shifts in the ecology of entire communities and ecosystems. However, the effects of these large-wildlife declines on other taxa likely hinge upon both underlying abiotic properties of these systems and on the types of secondary anthropogenic changes associated with wildlife loss, making i...

Reporting of wildlife strikes with civil aircraft in the USA is voluntary but strongly encouraged by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) through Advisory Circulars and FAA publications. The National Wildlife Strike Database contained 59,196 strike reports for civil aircraft, 1990-2004. An initial analysis of independent strike data from an eastern USA airport in 1994 indicated that less t...

This paper examines whether wildlife crossing structures reduce the number of wildlife–vehicle collisions. Using Washington state crash data from 2011 to 2020, I employed a difference-in-differences methodology at year level on each 13 observed in Washington. The treatment area consisted collisions within 10 mi structure, and control included that were 60 70 same structure. found evidence resul...

Poisons have long been used to kill wildlife throughout the world. An evolution has occurred from the use of plant- and animal-based toxins to synthetic pesticides to kill wildlife, a method that is silent, cheap, easy, and effective. The use of pesticides to poison wildlife began in southern Africa, and predator populations were widely targeted and eliminated. A steep increase has recently bee...

International trade in wildlife threatens biodiversity because it can result in habitat destruction, overexploitation of wildlife, and the spread of invasive alien species. Although traders are required to report goods, including wildlife, to border authorities when the goods are moved across international borders, customs authorities do not have mandatory, standardized reporting requirements f...

One of the most important transboundary animal diseases (TADs) in the southern African region is foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). In this region, a pathway for spread of FMD virus is contacts between cattle and certain species of wildlife. The objective of this study was to evaluate contacts between cattle and wildlife in the Kruger National Park (KNP) and the adjacent Limpopo province for the tim...

Paul R. Krausman is Professor and Research Scientist of Wildlife and Fisheries Science in the School of Renewable Natural Resources, University of Arizona, Tucson. He also serves as Associate Director of Arizona’s Agricultural Experiment Station, and Adjunct Professor at Texas Tech University, Lubbock. He has worked with large mammals in arid environments related to habitat ecology, restoration...

The harvest of wildlife for human consumption is valued at several billion dollars annually and provides an essential source of meat for hundreds of millions of rural people living in poverty. This harvest is also considered among the greatest threats to biodiversity throughout Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Economic development is often proposed as an essential first step to win-win solution...

Interest in the epidemiology of emerging diseases of humans and livestock as they relate to wildlife has increased greatly over the past several decades. Many factors, most anthropogenic, have facilitated the emergence of diseases from wildlife. Some livestock diseases have "spilled over" to wildlife and then "spilled back" to livestock. When a population is exposed to an infectious agent, depe...

Framed in the cognitive hierarchy approach, we examine (1) the mediating effect of general environmenrat atritudes and (2) the moderating effect of facrual wildlife knowledge on the relarionship berween values and specific wildlife attitudes (wildlife species prorec(ion). These relarionships are assessed across four wildlife consrinrent groups: (I) consumprive users (anglers and hunters), (2) b...