By orbit-limited motion (OLM) theory and the kinetic model, currents carried by electronsand ions on the dust grain are obtained and the effects of temperature and drift velocity of ions on thedust grain electrical potential are considered. The calculations were performed for finding the role of densities of dust grains and ions on the dust grain electrical potential which is the ma...

In this paper, we present an application of the stochastic calculusto the problem of modeling electrical networks. The filtering problem have animportant role in the theory of stochastic differential equations(SDEs). In thisarticle, we present an application of the continuous Kalman-Bucy filter for a RLcircuit. The deterministic model of the circuit is replaced by a stochastic model byadding a ...

Enzymatic fuel cells produce electrical power by oxidation of renewable energy sources. An enzymatic glucose biofuel cell uses glucose as fuel and enzymes as biocatalyst, to convert biochemical energy into electrical energy. The applications which need low electrical voltages and low currents have much of the interest in developing enzymatic fuel cells. An analytical modelling of an enzymatic f...

The groundwater quality research is one of the important and its pollution control was included insome research literatures. Ground water quality has spatial and temporal variation so classical statisticscould not account these variations at the regional scale researches. This study usedgeo-statisticalmethodsto optimize an interpolation method in order to estimate the spatial distribution of pH...

The low conversion efficiency of solar cells produces large amounts of thermal energy to the cells, and with an increase in the temperature of solar cells, their electrical efficiency decreases. Therefore, a hybrid photovoltaic thermal system improves the overall efficiency of the system by adding thermal equipment to the solar cell and removing excessive heat from these cells. In this paper, w...