To investigate the affinity of acetylated wood for organic liquids, Yezo spruce wood specimens were acetylated with acetic anhydride, and their swelling in various liquids were compared to those of untreated specimens. The acetylated wood was rapidly and remarkably swollen in aprotic organic liquids such as benzene and toluene in which the untreated wood was swollen only slightly and/or very sl...

Kraft pulp produced from juvenile and mature wood from thirty-two-yearold Corymbia citriodora trees was evaluated. The stem was subdivided into regions of juvenile and mature wood, and then it was transformed into chips. These materials were then cooked in the Laboratory of Pulp and Paper at São Paulo State University (UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil) and the physico-mechanical properties of the pu...

This study demonstrates the preparation, structure, and properties of polymer-impregnated wood (PIW) based on novel Muchelia macclurei wood through the in-situ polymerization of vinyl and functional monomers. Mixed monomers of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) (2:1 molar ratio) were effectively vacuum/pressure impregnated into the cellular structure of the f...

The influence of wood components and cellulose crystallinity on the thermal degradation behavior of different wood species has been investigated using thermogravimetry, chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction. Four wood samples, Pinus elliottii (PIE), Eucalyptus grandis (EUG), Mezilaurus itauba (ITA) and Dipteryx odorata (DIP) were used in this study. The results showed that higher extractives ...

The use of ionic liquids (ILs) has provided a new platform for efficient utilization of wood. In this paper, applications of ILs in wood-related industries are reviewed. First, the dissolution of wood in ILs and its application are described. Then the ILs used for wood preservation and improvement of wood anti-electrostatic and fire-proof properties are illustrated. Finally, “green” wood proces...

Polypropylene/wood flour composites were melting compounded in an internal mixer at 190°C and 60 rpm rotor speed and then samples were fabricated by injection molding. Effects wood flour content on the physical properties of composites was investigated. For this purpose, hardness, water absorption and thickness swelling of samples was determined at different levels of wood flour content. The re...

conclusions penetrating trauma from wooden fragments provides a diagnostic challenge. a stubborn discharge from a wound must always raise the suspicion of retained fragment. early and appropriate surgical exploration is imperative. introduction in contrast with victims of major trauma, patients who suffer minor injuries receive little specialist input. in most cases, this causes no difficulty, ...

Direct burning is the most familiar way of producing energy from wood. Forest products industries are the main users of wood as fuel on a large scale, because they have much woody debris left over from milling and harvesting. The basic strategy is to reduce leftover wood to walnut-size or smaller particles. This size reduction is usually done by a "hog." Large pieces enter the top of the hog an...

Wood represents the defining feature of forest systems, and often the carbon in woody debris has a long residence time. Globally, coarse dead wood contains 36–72 Pg C, and understanding what controls the fate of this C is important for predicting C cycle responses to global change. The fate of a piece of wood may include one or more of the following: microbial decomposition, combustion, consump...

In the next ten years the amounts of waste wood impregnated with Cu, Cr and As (CCA) is expected to increase dramatically world wide. CCA has been widely used for wood preservation since the early 1950s and because the fixation of CCA in the wood is good, the concentration of CCA is still high, when the wood is at the end of service. In some countries e.g. Denmark and Norway, the use of As for ...