We investigate how to leverage the notion of motivation in assigning tasks to workers and improving the performance of a crowdsourcing system. In particular, we propose to model motivation as the balance between task diversity–i.e., the difference in skills among the tasks to complete, and task payment–i.e., the difference between how much a chosen task offers to pay and how much other availabl...

We study Bucket Brigade (BB) production systems under the assumption of stochastic worker speeds. Our analysis provides interesting and counter-intuitive insights into realistic production environments. We analyze the following three systems: the traditional BB of Bartholdi & Eisenstein (1996), BB with overtaking allowed (BBO), and a benchmark system of parallel workers. After formulating the d...

Over the past 20 years, there has been a dramatic increase in the share of executive compensation paid through stock options. We examine the extent to which tax policy has inuenced the composition of executive compensation, and discuss the implications of rising stock-based pay for tax policy. We begin by describing the tax rules for executive pay in detail and analyzing how changes in various...

We analyze the effect of committee formation on how corporate boards perform two main functions: setting CEO pay and overseeing the financial reporting process. The use of performance-based pay schemes induces the CEO to manipulate earnings, which leads to an increased need for board oversight. If the whole board is responsible for both functions, it is inclined to provide the CEO with a compen...

In response to the corporate scandals in 2001-2002, the major U.S. exchanges came up with new regulations which are intended to enhance board oversight. We use this regulation event to shed light on the effect of board oversight on CEO compensation. We find that firms that were not complying with these regulations decreased their CEO compensation by between 20%-25% upon compliance, compared to ...

course, arising out of the Workmen's Compensation Act, but sometimes under common law as well ; and therefore a review of those decisions which have helped to define what an accident is may not be out of place at a medical meeting. It is curious that neither of the Workmen's Compensation Acts contained this definition, so that the meaning of the term has tended to vary case by case. Prior to th...

intentional assignment of entitlements (as opposed to debts) is a legal institution which is based on the possibility of separation of entitlements from the personality of creditor and of its assignment to a third party. in the voluntary assignment of entitlements, the creditors may assign their rights to a third party. after long discussions, voluntary assignment of rights has been accepted in...

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has become more and popular over recent decades, the need for high-level cooperation is increasing every day because of complexity real-world environment. However, multi-agent credit assignment problem that serves as main obstacle to coordination still not addressed properly. Though lots methods have been proposed, none them thought perform assignments ...